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A Study on the Effect of Electrodeposition Parameters on the Morphology of Porous Nickel Electrodeposits

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Abstract

In this study, the electrodeposition of nickel foam by dynamic hydrogen bubble-template method is optimized, and the effects of key deposition parameters (applied voltage and deposition time) and bath composition (concentration of Ni2+, pH of the bath, and roles of Cl− and SO42− ions) on pore size, distribution, and morphology and crystal structure are studied. Nickel deposit from 0.1 M NiCl2 bath concentration is able to produce the honeycomb-like structure with regular-sized holes. Honeycomb-like structure with cauliflower morphology is deposited at higher applied voltages of 7, 8, and 9 V; and a critical time (>3 minutes) is required for the development of the foamy structure. Compressive residual stresses are developed in the porous electrodeposits after 30 seconds of deposition time (−189.0 MPa), and the nature of the residual stress remains compressive upto 10 minutes of deposition time (−1098.6 MPa). Effect of pH is more pronounced in a chloride bath compared with a sulfate bath. The increasing nature of pore size in nickel electrodeposits plated from a chloride bath (varying from 21 to 48 μm), and the constant pore size (in the range of 22 to 24 μm) in deposits plated from a sulfate bath, can be ascribed to the striking difference in the magnitude of the corresponding current–time profiles.

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Author notes

  1. Srijan Sengupta and Arghya Patra have contributed equally to this study.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, WB, 721302, India

    Srijan Sengupta, Arghya Patra, Karabi Das & Siddhartha Das

  2. School of Nano Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, WB, 721302, India

    Sambedan Jena, Karabi Das & Siddhartha Das

Authors
  1. Srijan Sengupta
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Correspondence to Siddhartha Das.

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Manuscript submitted June 7, 2017.

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Sengupta, S., Patra, A., Jena, S. et al. A Study on the Effect of Electrodeposition Parameters on the Morphology of Porous Nickel Electrodeposits. Metall Mater Trans A 49, 920–937 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-017-4452-8

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