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Prevalence and risk factors associated with osteoporosis among residents aged above 20 years old in Chongqing, China

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Abstract

Summary

Standardized prevalence of osteoporosis was 19.90% in the whole subjects aged between 50 and 87, 5.87% in men and 30.23% in women respectively. Risk factors associated with osteoporosis were analyzed. It is the first time to estimate the prevalence and characterize the epidemiology of osteoporosis in Chongqing, China.

Purpose

To investigate bone mineral density (BMD) profiles, osteoporosis prevalence, and its risk factors among residents aged above 20 years old in Chongqing Municipality, China.

Methods

The study population consisted of 770 men and 1085 women aged 20 years and older with BMD measurements using central dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Information on sociodemographic characteristics and the potential risk factors associated with osteoporosis were collected by a standardized interviewer-administered questionnaire.

Results

Crude prevalence of osteoporosis was 12.99% in the whole subjects, 4.42% for men, and 19.08% for women by WHO criteria at various skeletal regions (among lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip). Standardized prevalence of osteoporosis was 19.90% in the whole subjects aged between 50 and 87, 5.87% in men and 30.23% in women respectively. Prevalence of osteoporosis increased with age, and the prevalence of osteoporosis in women was 6.10 times higher than it in men. The prevalence of osteoporosis was significantly associated with the past medical history of fracture (OR = 1.794, P = 0.007); overweight and obesity were considered to be protective factors for osteoporosis with OR of 0.514 and 0.300, respectively; high school graduate (OR = 0.399, P = 0.000 ) and milk intake (OR = 0.648, P = 0.008) were also protective factors for osteoporosis in men and women considered together; menopause was an independent risk factor of osteoporosis in females (OR = 1.782, P = 0.029); current smoking was an independent risk factor of osteoporosis in males (OR = 2.437, P = 0.046).

Conclusion

The prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia was high among residents in Chongqing, China. Health education and behavior intervention should be focused on the elderly or female residents to promote the formulation of healthy lifestyle. Necessary steps are needed for more public education and a wider dissemination of information about osteoporosis and its prevention.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, 400042, China

    Xianxian Yang, Wenge Tang, Deqiang Mao & Xianbin Ding

  2. Rong Chang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, 402473, China

    Qiang Shu

  3. Liang Ping District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, 404100, China

    Hong Yin

  4. Jiu-longpo District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, 400039, China

    Cheng Tang

  5. Sha-pingba District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, 400000, China

    Ming Zhang

  6. Center for Osteoporosis and Bone Development, Daping Hospital, Chongqing, 400042, China

    Can Li

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  1. Xianxian Yang
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Yang, X., Tang, W., Mao, D. et al. Prevalence and risk factors associated with osteoporosis among residents aged above 20 years old in Chongqing, China. Arch Osteoporos 16, 57 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-021-00910-z

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