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Textural and compositional zoning in plagioclase phenocrysts: implications for magma chamber processes in the Emeishan large Igneous Province, SW China

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Abstract

Textural and compositional zoning within plagioclase phenocrysts records the magma chamber processes, such as magma differentiation, magma recharge and mixing, and crustal contamination. The plagioclase phenocrysts in the Daqiao and Qiaojia plagioclase-phyric basalts from the Emeishan Large Igneous Province (LIP) show complex textural and compositional zoning patterns, e.g., normal, reverse, oscillatory, and patchy zoning patterns. Most plagioclase phenocrysts exhibit a core–rim normal zoning pattern (Pl-A) with euhedral high-An cores (An = 76–78%, in mole fraction) and low-An rims (An = 68–72%), indicative of the crystal regrowth processes caused by recharge of relatively evolved magmas after the formation of high-An cores. Some phenocrysts have a core–rim reverse zoning pattern (Pl-B) with irregular ovaloid cores, characterized by extremely low An (60–61 mol%) and Ba (84–88 ppm) contents and extremely high 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7120–0.7130). The rims of the Pl-B have relatively high An (69–72 %), Ba (~160 ppm) contents, and low 87Sr/86Sri (~0.7056). These Pl-B plagioclase phenocrysts preserve the information about the interaction between the crustal xenocrysts and the transporting magmas. Some plagioclase phenocrysts show a core–mantle–rim oscillatory zoning pattern (Pl-C) with multiple oscillations of An (70–80 %), Ba (88–147ppm) from core to rim, revealing replenishment and mixing of multiple batches of basaltic melts with diverse compositions. 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the Pl-C do not vary significantly (0.7050–0.7054). A small portion of phenocrysts has patchy patterns in the cores (Pl-D), where the low-An patches (72–75 %) in form of elliptical or irregular elongated shapes were enclosed by the high-An domains (80–87 %). These features can be attributed to crystal dissolution and regrowth processes during the reaction between early-formed low-Cumulates and recharged hot primitive melts. The cores, mantles, and rims of different types of plagioclase phenocrysts (except the core of Pl-B) commonly display nearly constant Sr isotopic compositions, implying insignificant wall-rock assimilation at shallow-level magma reservoir(s) during the growth of these plagioclase phenocrysts. In conclusion, the massive crystallization of plagioclase in the late stage was an important controlling factor for the formation of iron-rich basalts in the Emeishan LIP.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the Strategic Priority Research Program (B) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB41000000), the NSFC (41573009, 41873026, and 42173020), and the “Western Light Young scholar” program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to Prof. Lie-Meng Chen.

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China

    Qi Chen, Song-Yue Yu, Lie-Meng Chen, Sheng-Hua Zhou & Jian Kang

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Qi Chen

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Chen, Q., Yu, SY., Chen, LM. et al. Textural and compositional zoning in plagioclase phenocrysts: implications for magma chamber processes in the Emeishan large Igneous Province, SW China. Acta Geochim 42, 453–470 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11631-023-00601-1

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