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Characterizing sodium-conducting biopolymer blend electrolytes with glycerol plasticizer for EDLC application

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Abstract

In this research, a new system for electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) is introduced that employs biopolymer blend electrolytes incorporating glycerol as a plasticizer. To prepare the films, the solution cast technique was employed to produce sodium-conducting plasticized chitosan:poly(oxazoline) (CH:POZ) systems. Sodium bromide (NaBr) salt was used as a sodium ion provider along with various concentrations of plasticizer to enhance the conduction mechanism. Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the conductivity, diffusion coefficient, mobility, and number density of ions were determined via simulated EIS results. The results showed that the maximum conductivity of 8.27 × 10−4 S/cm was achieved when 45 wt.% of glycerol was added. The study also investigated the effect of plasticizers on the relaxation time for sodium conduction and the electrochemical behavior of the samples. The superior performance of the system was further confirmed by electrochemical measurements such as linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV).

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Funding

This research was supported by the Ministry of Higher Education (MoHE) of Malaysia through Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS/1/2019/STG07/UM/02/6). The authors also gratefully acknowledge the financial support for this study from the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research-Kurdish National Research Council (KNRC), Kurdistan Regional Government/Iraq. The financial support from the University of Sulaimani is greatly appreciated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Human Development, Sulaimani, 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq

    Jihad M. Hadi

  2. Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Research and Development Center, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, 46001, Iraq

    Shujahadeen B. Aziz & Hawzhin B. Tahir

  3. Department of Physics, College of Science, Charmo University, Chamchamal, 46023, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq

    Shujahadeen B. Aziz

  4. Medical Laboratory Analysis Department, College of Health Sciences, Cihan University Sulaimaniya, Sulaimaniya, 46001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

    Rebar T. Abdulwahid

  5. Department of Physics, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Old Campus, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq

    Rebar T. Abdulwahid

  6. Department of Physics, College of Science, Charmo University, Chamchamal, 46023, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq

    Mohamad A. Brza

  7. Scientific Research Centre, Soran University, Arbīl, Soran, Kurdistan-Region, Iraq

    Samir M. Hamad

  8. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    N. A. Shamsuri & M. F. Z. Kadir

  9. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Y. Alias

  10. Universiti Malaya Centre for Ionic Liquids (UMCiL), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Y. Alias & M. F. Z. Kadir

  11. Pusat Pengajian Citra Universiti, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi Selangor, UKM, Malaysia

    M. H. Hamsan

  12. GTG Manufacturing Sdn., Bhd. No 1, Jalan Plumbum 1, Kawasan Perindustrian Sungai Purun, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia

    O. J. S. Steve

  13. Center for Ionics University of Malaya, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    H. J. Woo

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  1. Jihad M. Hadi
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  2. Shujahadeen B. Aziz
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Contributions

Jihad M Hadi; writing original draft, data curation, methodology, Shujahadeen Aziz; conceptualization and methodology, Rebar T Abdulwahid; methodology, validation, editing and review, Mohamad A Brza, Hawahin Tahir, Samir M Hamad, H.J. Woo, Y. Alias, M.H. Hamsan; review and conceptualization; N.A. Shamsuri; editing and review; O J S Steve; industrial linkage, methodology, editing and review, M.F.Z. Kadir; supervision, writing, editing, review, methodology, and funding.

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Correspondence to Shujahadeen B. Aziz or M. F. Z. Kadir.

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Hadi, J.M., Aziz, S.B., Abdulwahid, R.T. et al. Characterizing sodium-conducting biopolymer blend electrolytes with glycerol plasticizer for EDLC application. Ionics 30, 2409–2423 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-024-05412-9

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  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-024-05412-9

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