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Synthesis of biopolymer electrolyte using sodium alginate with ammonium perchlorate (NH4ClO4) for the application of electrochemical devices

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Abstract

Biopolymer electrolyte based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) with various concentrations of NH4ClO4 has been prepared by solution casting technique using double distilled water as solvent. Influence of different concentrations of NH4ClO4 on the biopolymer NaAlg is systematically investigated by the different characterization techniques such as XRD, FTIR, DSC, TGA, electrical impedance spectroscopy analysis, transference number measurement, and LSV. XRD was used to investigate whether the prepared biopolymers were crystalline or amorphous. The formation of complexes between NaAlg and NH4ClO4 has been observed by FTIR. Using differential scanning calorimeter, glass transition temperature (Tg) is found for the prepared biopolymer electrolyte. The maximum ionic conductivity of 3.59 × 10−3 S cm−1 has been obtained for 30 M.wt% NaAlg:70 M.wt% NH4ClO4 biopolymer electrolyte using AC impedance analysis. Using DC Wagner’s polarization technique, the ionic transference number has been determined. The highest conducting biopolymer electrolyte's electrochemical stability window was found by the LSV technique to be 2.71 V. The primary proton battery and proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell have been constructed using highest ionic conducting biopolymer membrane (30 M.wt% NaAlg:70 M.wt% NH4ClO4), and the performance has been studied. The proton battery’s open circuit voltage (Voc) is 1.76 V, while the PEM fuel cell’s open circuit voltage (Voc) is 789 mV.

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The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to the manuscript is not yet published, but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. PG & Research Department of Physics, Sri Paramakalyani College, Alwarkurichi - 627412, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli, 627012, Tamil Nadu, India

    Vanitha N, Shanmugapriya C & Kamatchi Devi S

  2. Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India

    Selvasekarapandian S

  3. Materials Research Center, Coimbatore, 641045, Tamil Nadu, India

    Vanitha N, Selvasekarapandian S, Muniraj Vignesh N, Aafrin Hazaana S, Meera Naachiyar R & Kamatchi Devi S

  4. Research Centre of Physics, Mannar Thirumalai Naicker College (Affiliated With Madurai Kamaraj University), Madurai, 625004, Tamil Nadu, India

    Muniraj Vignesh N

  5. Research Centre of Physics, Fatima College (Affiliated with Madurai Kamaraj University), Madurai, 625018, Tamil Nadu, India

    Aafrin Hazaana S & Meera Naachiyar R

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  1. Vanitha N
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  2. Shanmugapriya C
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  4. Muniraj Vignesh N
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Contributions

Entire work has been done by N. Vanitha, and full manuscript has been written by N. Vanitha. The full manuscript has been corrected by C. Shanmugapriya. The concept of the work is given by S. Selvasekarapandian. FTIR study has been done by Muniraj Vignesh N. Linear sweep voltammetry study has been done by Aafrin Hazaana S. DSC analysis has been done by Meera Naachiyar R. Fuel cell construction work has been done by Kamatchi Devi S.

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Correspondence to Selvasekarapandian S.

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N, V., C, S., S, S. et al. Synthesis of biopolymer electrolyte using sodium alginate with ammonium perchlorate (NH4ClO4) for the application of electrochemical devices. Ionics 29, 4037–4054 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-023-05115-7

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