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A binary packing material-based method for estimating small-strain shear modulus of sandy soils

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Abstract

A set of creative formulation is introduced to estimating the small-strain shear modulus (Gmax) of various sandy soils through the measurement of well-controlled laboratory tests combined with the analysis of experimental data published in the literature. The influences of normalized effective confining pressure (\(\sigma^{\prime}_{{{\text{c0}}}}\)/Pa), void ratio (e), and fines contents (FC) on the values of Gmax are revealed through a series of bender element measurements. Through introducing the equivalent skeleton void ratio (\(e_{{{\text{sk}}}}^{*}\)) to describe the intergranular contact state of sandy soils with FC less than a threshold value (FCth), a remarkable finding is that the stress exponent n, characterizing the increase rate of Gmax with increasing \(\sigma^{\prime}_{{{\text{c0}}}}\), is a soil-specific constant and a linear function of the synthesizing material parameter (\(C_{{\text{u}}}^{{\text{s}}} C_{{\text{u}}}^{{\text{f}}}\)) in log-scale. Another remarkable finding is that a virtually unique form of the correlation between Gmax/(\(\sigma^{\prime}_{{{\text{c0}}}}\)/Pa)n and \(e_{{{\text{sk}}}}^{*}\) exists. An unified form of the binary packing material-based Gmax prediction formulation for different types of sandy soils is established. The three coefficients of the proposed Gmax expression in form of explicit equations can be simply determined using some basic index properties of clean sand and pure fines. In this regard, the proposed Gmax prediction formulation provides a significant advantage in the determination of Gmax and associated shear wave velocity Vs of sandy soils in practice.

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Data availability

Data are available on request from author Qi Wu.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant numbers 52008206, the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under grant number 2021M690279, and Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province under grant number KYCX23_1462.

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  1. Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, China

    Qi Wu, Tianzhu Hang, Jiawei Jiang & Guoxing Chen

  2. Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China

    Qi Wu & Chengshun Xu

  3. Civil Engineering and Earthquake Disaster Prevention Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210009, China

    Guoxing Chen

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Wu, Q., Hang, T., Jiang, J. et al. A binary packing material-based method for estimating small-strain shear modulus of sandy soils. Acta Geotech. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-023-02196-6

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