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Characteristics and applications of interplanetary coronal mass ejection composition

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Abstract

In situ measurements of interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) composition, including elemental abundances and charge states of heavy ions, open a new avenue to study coronal mass ejections (CMEs) besides remote-sensing observations. The ratios between different elemental abundances can diagnose the plasma origin of CMEs (e.g., from the corona or chromosphere/photosphere) due to the first ionization potential (FIP) effect, which means elements with different FIPs get fractionated between the photosphere and corona. The ratios between different charge states of a specific element can provide the electron temperature of CMEs in the corona due to the freeze-in effect, which can be used to investigate their eruption process. In this review, we first give an overview of the ICME composition and then demonstrate their applications in investigating some important subjects related to CMEs, such as the origin of filament plasma and the eruption process of magnetic flux ropes. Finally, we point out several important questions that should be addressed further for better utilizing the ICME composition to study CMEs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment, Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, China

    HongQiang Song

  2. School of Geophysics and Information Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China

    Shuo Yao

Authors
  1. HongQiang Song
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  2. Shuo Yao
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to HongQiang Song.

Additional information

This work was supported by the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. JQ201710), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U1731102, U1731101, 11790303, and 11790300), and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA-17040507). SONG Hongqiang thanks Prof. TIAN Hui and Dr. ZHAO Liang for their helpful suggestions.

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Song, H., Yao, S. Characteristics and applications of interplanetary coronal mass ejection composition. Sci. China Technol. Sci. 63, 2171–2187 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-020-1680-y

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