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The Changing Cold Regions Network: Observation, diagnosis and prediction of environmental change in the Saskatchewan and Mackenzie River Basins, Canada

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  • Special Topic: Watershed Science
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Abstract

Climate change is causing rapid and severe changes to many Earth systems and processes, with widespread cryospheric, ecological, and hydrological impacts globally, and especially in high northern latitudes. This is of major societal concern and there is an urgent need for improved understanding and predictive tools for environmental management. The Changing Cold Regions Network (CCRN) is a Canadian research consortium with a focus to integrate existing and new experimental data with modelling and remote sensing products to understand, diagnose, and predict changing land, water, and climate, and their interactions and feedbacks over the geographic domain of the Mackenzie and Saskatchewan River Basins in Canada. The network operates a set of 14 unique and focused Water, Ecosystem, Cryosphere and Climate (WECC) observatories within this region, which provide opportunities to observe and understand processes and their interaction, as well as develop and test numerical simulation models, and provide validation data for remote sensing products. This paper describes this network and its observational, experimental, and modelling programme. An overview of many of the recent Earth system changes observed across the study region is provided, and some local insights from WECC observatories that may partly explain regional patterns and trends are described. Several of the model products being developed are discussed, and linkages with the local to international user community are reviewed—In particular, the use of WECC data towards model and remote sensing product calibration and validation is highlighted. Some future activities and prospects for the network are also presented at the end of the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, National Hydrology Research Centre, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 3H5, Canada

    Chris M. Debeer & Howard S. Wheater

  2. Cold Regions Research Centre, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3C5, Canada

    William L. Quinton & Philip Marsh

  3. School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada

    Sean K. Carey

  4. Department of Environment and Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada

    Ronald E. Stewart

  5. Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, Toronto, Ontario, M3H 5T4, Canada

    Murray D. MacKay

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  1. Chris M. Debeer
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  2. Howard S. Wheater
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Debeer, C.M., Wheater, H.S., Quinton, W.L. et al. The Changing Cold Regions Network: Observation, diagnosis and prediction of environmental change in the Saskatchewan and Mackenzie River Basins, Canada. Sci. China Earth Sci. 58, 46–60 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-014-5001-6

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