Abstract
Urbanization has resulted in a surge in municipal solid waste (MSW) generation, posing critical waste management challenges in urban areas. To tackle this issue, we introduce a novel approach for mapping garbage vulnerability zones (GVZ) in Coimbatore City, India, combining the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS). Seven criteria, including per capita waste generation, open dumping, land use land cover, road/railway networks, and population, were integrated and analyzed in GIS. AHP pairwise comparison method assigned weights to each criterion and principal component analysis (PCA) further validated the interconnectedness of the criteria and their impact on the GVZs. The results indicated that open dumping locations and population density are the most influential factors contributing to the risk of garbage accumulation, making up 23.7% and 21.2% of the total weight, respectively. The GVZ map reveals that 94.6% of Coimbatore City is at risk of MSW accumulation, with 20.2% highly and 74.4% moderately vulnerable. Eleven high GVZ clusters were identified, with Saravanampatti, located in the northeastern part of Coimbatore City, being the most vulnerable area. The H3 hexagon format of the GVZ map enhances its usability for monitoring and mitigation capabilities. In conclusion, our comprehensive AHP-GIS approach facilitates effective waste management practices, sustainable resource utilization, and better environmental and public health outcomes in urban areas. The demonstrated methodology has the potential for application in similar developing urban areas in South Asia and the Global South, serving as a valuable tool to address the challenges posed by increasing MSW generation.
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Data Availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, Arunachalam Manimekalan, upon reasonable request.
Abbreviations
- AHP:
-
Analytic hierarchy process
- ANOVA:
-
Analysis of variance
- CCMC:
-
Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation
- CI:
-
Consistency index
- CR:
-
Consistency ratio
- d2d:
-
Door to door
- ESA:
-
European Space Agency
- GIS:
-
Geographic Information System
- GPS:
-
Global Positioning System
- GVZ:
-
Garbage vulnerability zone
- IT:
-
Information technology
- KMO:
-
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin
- LULC:
-
Land use land cover
- MSW:
-
Municipal solid waste
- PCA:
-
Principal component analysis
- PCG:
-
Per capita waste generation
- RI:
-
Random index
- UGS:
-
Urban green space
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Funding
Arunachalam Manimekalan wish to thank Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation for funding (No. 13087/SWM/2006 Date.27/05/2020 and No. 13087/SWM/2006 Date: 27/04/2021) and for supporting us in various stages of the project implementation. Thulasi Radhakrishnan is grateful for “Promotion of University Research and Scientific Excellence (PURSE) Phase – II (BU/DST PURSE(II)/APPOINTMENT/570 and Date.12 Apr. 2021), Department of Science and Technology, Government of India.”
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Arunachalam Manimekalan: supervision, writing—review and editing. Thulasi Radhakrishnan: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, visualization, writing—original draft. Debarchana Ghosh and S Prasanna Ramaswamy: writing—review and editing.
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Radhakrishnan, T., Manimekalan, A., Ghosh, D. et al. Identifying high-vulnerable garbage accumulation areas in Coimbatore City, India: an AHP-GIS approach for effective waste management. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 21797–21810 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32486-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32486-9