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Performance and emission characteristics analysis of a CI engine fueled with distilled pyrolytic waste plastic oil/ethanol/diesel blends

  • Advances in Energy, Environment and Green Technologies for Sustainability
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Abstract

The current energy challenges in agriculture, industry, and transportation are aggravated by insufficient liquid petroleum fuels, strained by rapid depletion, and higher demand in the international market. Existing environmental pollution due to higher fossil fuel consumption, certainly draws the attention of many researchers to identify a better alternative fuel concerning engine efficiency and exhaust emissions. Waste plastic oil (WPO) derived by thermo-catalytic pyrolysis is found to be a promising alternative fuel due to it’s similar fuel properties to diesel. WPO contains long-chain hydrocarbons and high-molecular-weight aromatics which can be eliminated by fractional distillation, resulting in the production of distilled waste plastic oil (DPO). Ethanol is added in addition to DPO in the diesel fuel mixture in order to improve combustion for better performance and reduce emissions. The current study focused on the preparation of homogenous fuel mixtures (DPO/ethanol/diesel) to evaluate it’s engine efficiency and exhaust emissions as compared to pure diesel and confirmed that it has the potential to be an alternate fuel for the CI engine. Test engine trials were performed to determine the potential engine characteristics, for instance, thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumptions, and exhaust temperature, by using various fuel mixtures (80D10DPO10E, 70D15DPO15E, 60D20DPO20E, 50D25DPO25E) under different loading conditions of the test engine. Major pollutants including unburned hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides were measured by a standard emission analyzer. The BTE was increased by 3.7%, and the BSFC was 16.67% less for the 60D20DPO20E mixture so as to diesel at full load. CO emission was found to comparatively increase at higher concentrations and decrease at higher loads. Compared to diesel, the NOx and HC emission were shown to be lowered at low loads and increased at higher loads. The study concluded that the fuel mixture of 60D20DPO20E showed the best engine performance and reduced emissions as compared to diesel.

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Abbreviations

DPO:

Distilled waste plastic oil

BTE:

Brake thermal efficiency

BSFC:

Brake-specific fuel consumption

CI:

Compression ignition

CO:

Carbon monoxide

DI:

Direct injection

EGT:

Exhaust gas temperature

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

GCMS:

Gas chromatography mass spectrometry

GCV:

Gross calorific value

ASTM:

American Society for Testing and Materials

HC:

Hydro carbon

NOx :

Nitrogen oxide

PID:

Proportional integral derivative

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Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gandhi Institute For Technology (GIFT) Autonomous, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, Pin-752054, India

    Amar Kumar Das, Shibaprasad Behera, Swopneswar Mohanty, Nilakantha Behera & Kirtiswarup Mohanty

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  1. Amar Kumar Das
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  2. Shibaprasad Behera
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  3. Swopneswar Mohanty
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  4. Nilakantha Behera
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  5. Kirtiswarup Mohanty
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by AKD, SPB, SM, and NB. The first draft of the manuscript was written by AKD and KM, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Amar Kumar Das.

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Das, A.K., Behera, S., Mohanty, S. et al. Performance and emission characteristics analysis of a CI engine fueled with distilled pyrolytic waste plastic oil/ethanol/diesel blends. Environ Sci Pollut Res (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-31091-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-31091-6

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