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Effective elimination of hexavalent chromium and lead from solution by the modified biochar with MgMn2O4 nanoparticles: adsorption performance and mechanism

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Abstract

Heavy metal pollution is one of the environmental problems that need to be solved urgently. The adsorption method is thought as the most effective and economical treatment technology. Nature biochar usually showed unsatisfactory adsorption capacity due to its relatively small adsorption capacity and slow adsorption rate. The metal of Mn has been widely applied in the modification of biochar, which could effectively improve the adsorption capacity of biochar. However, leaching of Mn2+ on the adsorbent materials would appear during the adsorption process. And it would increase the risk of secondary pollution. The multifunctional binary modified biochar could improve the adsorption capacity of environmental pollutant removal. In addition, it could also act as a metal support carrier, reducing the risk of secondary pollution. A novel effective biochar loaded by Mg-Mn binary oxide nanoparticles (MgMn2O4@Biochar) was prepared and applied for the Cr(VI) and Pb(II) removal in aqueous solution. The characteristic of MgMn2O4@Biochar was analyzed by SEM, TEM, FTIR, and XRD. The irregular and somewhat flaky shaped particles of different shape and sizes clustered on the surface of MgMn2O4@Biochar appeared. Abundant functional groups of O–H, –C–OH, C–O, and C–OOH could be observed on the surface of MgMn2O4@Biochar. The elements of Mg and Mn elements besides of C, O, and Si elements were presented on the surface of MgMn2O4@Biochar. The wt% of C, O, Mg, Mn, and Si were 42.82%, 48.99%, 2.83%, 4.44%, and 0.93%, respectively. The operational parameters had an important influence on adsorption capacity of Cr(VI) and Pb(II) removal. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of MgMn2O4@Biochar for Cr(VI) and Pb(II) would reach 33.5 mg/g and 536 mg/g, respectively, within 360 min. Additionally, the adsorption processes of Cr(VI) and Pb(II) in solution could be described with pseudo-second-order. For Cr(VI), the Langmuir model was suitable to the adsorption process. However, the adsorption process of Pb(II) in solution could be described with Freundlich model. Furthermore, it could be concluded that the possible mechanism of Cr(VI) and Pb(II) removal by MgMn2O4@Biochar was physical adsorption, surface complexation reaction, and electrostatic adsorption.

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The data and materials presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy restrictions.

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Funding

This work is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China (LGF20C030001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, People’s Republic of China

    Weijuan Guo, Ling Yan, Yujun Chen, Xinyu Ren, Yiyang Shen, Yefeng Zhou, Muqing Qiu & Baowei Hu

  2. Bureau of Ecology and Environment of Shaoxing City, Shaoxing, 312000, People’s Republic of China

    Ling Yan

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  1. Weijuan Guo
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  2. Ling Yan
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  3. Yujun Chen
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  4. Xinyu Ren
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Contributions

Muqing Qiu is responsible for ensuring that the descriptions are accurate and agreed by all authors. Weijuan Guo, Ling Yan, and Yujun Chen write original draft. Yiyang Shen, Xinyu Ren, and Yefeng Zhou are performing the experiments and data collection. Baowei Hu revises paper. The first two authors of Weijuan Guo and Ling Yan equally contributed to this work.

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Correspondence to Muqing Qiu.

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Guo, ., Yan, L., Chen, Y. et al. Effective elimination of hexavalent chromium and lead from solution by the modified biochar with MgMn2O4 nanoparticles: adsorption performance and mechanism. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 96350–96359 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29264-4

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