Abstract
Sorption is prominent in low price, high efficiency, availability, and eco-friendliness. Organic porous materials have the characteristics of easy functionalization, diverse structure and stability, and show great potential in adsorption, energy storage, catalysis, and other fields. A mesoporous phenolic resin-type polymer (PRP) was successfully synthesized and modified by solid state reaction with maleic anhydride to prepare adsorbent (called as PRP-MAH) for sorption of Pb2+. The impact of reaction conditions (the pH value, reaction temperature, fresh concentration of solution, ionic strength and reaction time, etc.) was systematically studied. Characterization methods such as SEM, FTIR, and XPS indicated that the synthesized adsorbent PRP-MAH had regular morphology and good stability. The fitting of isothermal adsorption experiment data conforms to Langmuir sorption isotherm, and the sorption capacity reached 366.40 mg·g−1 at 308 K. The kinetic data were consistent with the quasi-second-order model, which indicated that the chemisorption might play the main role in the sorption process. Thermodynamic research manifested that the sorption of Pb2+ by PRP-MAH was carried out by a spontaneous process at the study temperature. The studies show that PRP-MAH can remove Pb2+ from water solution through ion exchange, electrostatic attraction, and surface complexation.
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All data generated during the study are available from the corresponding author by reasonable request.
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Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 32271528, U1932126), and Zhejiang Province “Vanguard” and “Leading goose” Research and Development Project (Grant No. 2022C02036).
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Kun Yu: material preparation, experimental section, analysis, and writing—original draft. Jiaqi Guo: conceptualization, methodology, and writing—original draft. Kun Yu and Jianqi Guo have the same contribution to this paper. Bing Li: writing, modifying, and funding acquisition. Jianzhong Guo: conception, experimental design, and writing—review and editing. All authors checked and agreed the final manuscript.
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Yu, K., Guo, J., Li, B. et al. Highly efficient removal of Pb2+ from wastewater by a maleic anhydride modified organic porous adsorbent. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 68467–68476 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27272-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27272-y