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Insight into the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of biostimulating effect of Ascophyllum nodosum and Moringa oleifera extracts to minimize cadmium-induced oxidative stress in rice

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Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is a serious threat for environmental sustainability as it can be taken up quickly by plants and transported to the food chain of living organisms. It alters plants’ metabolic and physiological activities and causes yield loss, thereby, enhancing plant tolerance to Cd stress is of utmost essential. Therefore, an experiment was executed to investigate the potential role of Ascophyllum nodosum extract (ANE) and moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract (MLE) to confer Cd tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa cv. BRRI dhan89). Thirty-five-day-old seedling was subjected to Cd stress (50 mg kg−1 CdCl2) alone and in a combination of ANE (0.25%) or MLE (0.5%) in a semi-controlled net house. Exposure to Cd resulted in accelerated production of reactive oxygen species, enhanced lipid peroxidation, and disrupted antioxidant defense and glyoxalase system, thus retarded plant growth, biomass production, and yield attributes of rice. On the contrary, the supplementation of ANE or MLE enhanced the contents of ascorbate and glutathione, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase. Moreover, supplementation of ANE and MLE enhanced the activities of glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II which prevented the overgeneration of methylglyoxal in Cd stressed rice plants. Thus, because of ANE and MLE addition Cd-induced rice plants showed a noticeable declination in membrane lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide generation, and electrolyte leakage, whereas improved water balance. Furthermore, the growth and yield attributes of Cd-affected rice plants were improved with the supplementation of ANE and MLE. All the studied parameters indicates the potential role of ANE and MLE in mitigating Cd stress in rice plants through improving the physiological attributes, modulating antioxidant defense and glyoxalase system.

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Acknowledgements

We cordially acknowledge Md. Mahabub Alam for his generous help during the biochemical analysis. We are thankful to Khussboo Rahman, Mira Rahman, Naznin Ahmed, and Khadeja Sultana Sathi for their assistance during the fieldwork. We also thankful to Ayesha Siddika for her critical review of the manuscript.

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  1. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-E-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh

    Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Md. Rakib Hossain Raihan & Farzana Nowroz

  2. Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-E-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh

    Kamrun Nahar

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  1. Mirza Hasanuzzaman
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M.H. and K.N. conceived and designed the experiments. M.R.H.R., F.N., and K.N. conducted the experiments. M.H. provided the methodologies and supervised the experiments. M.H. analyzed the data and prepared the illustration. M.H., M.R.H.R, and F.N. wrote the manuscript draft. M.H. and K.N. revised, edited, and formatted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Hasanuzzaman, M., Raihan, M.R.H., Nowroz, F. et al. Insight into the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of biostimulating effect of Ascophyllum nodosum and Moringa oleifera extracts to minimize cadmium-induced oxidative stress in rice. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 55298–55313 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-26251-7

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