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Response of Typha domingensis Pers. in floating wetlands systems for the treatment of water polluted with phosphorus and nitrogen

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Abstract

The aims of this work were to evaluate the effects of P and N on the tolerance and root morphometry of Typha domingensis plants, and their implication in removal efficiency in floating treatment wetlands (FTWs). Pilot-scale plastic reactors containing plants, sediment, and tap water were arranged. FTWs consist of a plastic net, and buoyancy was provided by a PVC frame. After plant acclimation, 38 L of the synthetic effluent containing 10 mg L−1 N + 2 mg L−1 P was added to the reactors as follows: reactor A (with FTWs), reactor B (without FTWs), reactor BC (biological controls), and reactor CC (chemical control). Reactors were arranged in triplicate. During the experiment, three effluent dumps were made. The removals of SRP and TP were significantly higher in reactor A than in reactor B. N-NH4+ removal was not significantly different between reactors A and B, while N-NO3− removal from water was higher in reactor A than in reactor B. At the end of the experiment, chlorophyll concentration and aerial and submerged (roots and rhizomes) biomass increased significantly in reactor A. TP concentrations were not different between rhizomes and leaves, while the lowest concentrations were observed in roots. The TKN in tissues was significantly higher in roots and rhizomes than in aerial parts. In plants exposed to the experimental solution, the internal and external root morphology changed. The use of FTWs is a promising strategy for the sustainable treatment of nutrient polluted water bodies.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, MdlMM, on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

BC:

Biological control

CC:

Chemical control

DO:

Dissolved oxygen

Eh:

Redox potential

FTWs:

Floating treatment wetlands

OM:

Organic matter

PVC:

Polyvinyl chloride

RGR:

Relative growth rate

SRP:

Soluble reactive phosphorus

CWs:

Constructed wetlands

TP:

Total phosphorus

TKN:

Total Kjeldahl nitrogen

CSA:

The cross-sectional areas

NV:

Number of vessels

HRT:

Hydraulic residence time

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Funding

Funding for this work was provided by Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET, Argentina), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL, Argentina), and Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT, Argentina).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Química Analítica Ambiental, Instituto de Química Aplicada del Litoral (IQAL, CONICET-UNL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santiago del Estero 2829, (3000) Santa Fe, Argentina

    María de las Mercedes Mufarrege, Gisela Alfonsina Di Luca, Ángeles Araceli Carreras, Hernán Ricardo Hadad, María Alejandra Maine, Marcelo Abel Campagnoli & Emanuel Nocetti

Authors
  1. María de las Mercedes Mufarrege
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  2. Gisela Alfonsina Di Luca
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  3. Ángeles Araceli Carreras
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  4. Hernán Ricardo Hadad
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  5. María Alejandra Maine
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  6. Marcelo Abel Campagnoli
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  7. Emanuel Nocetti
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Contributions

MdlMM: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, investigation, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, visualization, supervision. GADL: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, investigation, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, visualization, supervision. AAC: formal analysis, investigation, writing—review and editing. HRH: conceptualization, methodology, resources, writing—review and editing, visualization, supervision, project administration, funding acquisition. MAM: conceptualization, methodology, resources, writing—review and editing, visualization, supervision, project administration, funding acquisition. MAC: formal analysis, investigation, writing—review and editing. EN: formal analysis, investigation, writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to María de las Mercedes Mufarrege.

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Mufarrege, M.d.M., Di Luca, G.A., Carreras, Á.A. et al. Response of Typha domingensis Pers. in floating wetlands systems for the treatment of water polluted with phosphorus and nitrogen. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 50582–50592 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-25859-z

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