Abstract
The increase in production and consumption of pharmaceuticals and personal care products causes environmental problems. In this study, naproxen and clofibric acid adsorption were studied using Fe3O4-supported UiO-66 (Zr) metal–organic framework (Mag-UiO-66). The adsorption processes were carried out in batch mode at pH value 3.0. The optimum adsorbent quantities, equilibrium periods, pseudo-first-order (PFO), pseudo-second-order (PSO), and intra-particles diffusion kinetic models were calculated. Non-linear Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Sips isotherm equations were applied to experimental data. Thermodynamic analyses of naproxen and clofibric acid adsorption were also carried out in this study. The Langmuir isotherm qm values were found as 14.15 mg/g for naproxen at 308 K and 41.87 mg/g for clofibric acid at 298 K. Both of the adsorption processes were exothermic. MISO (multi-input single-output) fuzzy logic models for removal of both naproxen and clofibric acid adsorptions were designed based on the experimental data to estimate the removal uptake values. It is noteworthy that the results obtained through designed fuzzy logic models matched well with the experimental data and the findings of this study emphasize the validity of designed fuzzy logic models.
Graphical Abstract
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article (and its supplementary information files).
References
Al-Ghouti MA, Da’ana DA (2020) Guidelines for the use and interpretation of adsorption isotherm models: a review. J Hazard Mater 393:122383. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHAZMAT.2020.122383
Arnold KE, Brown AR, Brown AR, et al (2014) Medicating the environment: assessing risks of pharmaceuticals to wildlife and ecosystems. Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci 369:. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0569
Bayazit SS, Sąhin S (2020) Acid-modulated zirconium based metal organic frameworks for removal of organic micropollutants. J Environ Chem Eng 8:103901. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JECE.2020.103901
Boudrahem N, Delpeux-Ouldriane S, Khenniche L et al (2017) Single and mixture adsorption of clofibric acid, tetracycline and paracetamol onto activated carbon developed from cotton cloth residue. Process Saf Environ Prot 111:544–559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2017.08.025
Cabrera-Lafaurie WA, Román FR, Hernández-Maldonado AJ (2015) Single and multi-component adsorption of salicylic acid, clofibric acid, carbamazepine and caffeine from water onto transition metal modified and partially calcined inorganic-organic pillared clay fixed beds. J Hazard Mater 282:174–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.009
Cavka JH, Jakobsen S, Olsbye U et al (2008) A new zirconium ınorganic building brick forming metal organic frameworks with exceptional stability. J Am Chem Soc 130:13850–13851. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja8057953
Çavuşoğlu FC, Bayazit ŞS, Secula MS, Cagnon B (2021) Magnetic carbon composites as regenerable and fully recoverable adsorbents: performance on the removal of antidiabetic agent metformin hydrochloride. Chem Eng Res Des 168:443–452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2021.01.034
Chang HS, Choo KH, Lee B, Choi SJ (2009) The methods of identification, analysis, and removal of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in water. J Hazard Mater 172:1–12
Chen D, Chen C, Shen W et al (2017) MOF-derived magnetic porous carbon-based sorbent: synthesis, characterization, and adsorption behavior of organic micropollutants. Adv Powder Technol 28:1769–1779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2017.04.018
Dai C, Zhang J, Zhang Y et al (2013a) Removal of carbamazepine and clofibric acid from water using double templates–molecularly imprinted polymers. Environ Sci Pollut Res 20:5492–5501. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-1565-5
Dai C, Zhang J, Zhang Y et al (2013b) Application of molecularly imprinted polymers to selective removal of clofibric acid from water. PLoS ONE 8:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0078167
Danalıoğlu ST, Kerkez Kuyumcu Ö, Abdel Salam M, Bayazit ŞS (2018) Chitosan grafted SiO2–Fe3O4 nanoparticles for removal of antibiotics from water. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25:36661–36670. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3573-y
Dubinin MMRLV (1947) Equation of the characteristic curve of activated charcoal. Chem Zentr 1:875
Elizalde-Velázquez A, Subbiah S, Anderson TA et al (2020) Sorption of three common nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to microplastics. Sci Total Environ 715:136974. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2020.136974
Freundlich H (1906) Adsorption in solids. Zeitschrift f{ü}r Phys Chemie 57:385–470
Han Y, Liu M, Li K et al (2015) Facile synthesis of morphology and size-controlled zirconium metal–organic framework UiO-66: the role of hydrofluoric acid in crystallization. CrystEngComm 17:6434–6440. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5CE00729A
Hasan Z, Choi E-J, Jhung SH (2013) Adsorption of naproxen and clofibric acid over a metal–organic framework MIL-101 functionalized with acidic and basic groups. Chem Eng J 219:537–544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.01.002
Hasan Z, Jeon J, Jhung SH (2012) Adsorptive removal of naproxen and clofibric acid from water using metal-organic frameworks. J Hazard Mater 209–210:151–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.01.005
Hasan Z, Khan NA, Jhung SH (2016) Adsorptive removal of diclofenac sodium from water with Zr-based metal–organic frameworks. Chem Eng J 284:1406–1413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2015.08.087
Ho Y-S (2006) Review of second-order models for adsorption systems. J Hazard Mater 136:681–689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.12.043
Huo JB, Xu L, Chen X et al (2019) Direct epitaxial synthesis of magnetic Fe3O4@UiO-66 composite for efficient removal of arsenate from water. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 276:68–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MICROMESO.2018.09.017
Ivanković K, Kern M, Rožman M (2021) Modelling of the adsorption of pharmaceutically active compounds on carbon-based nanomaterials. J Hazard Mater 414:125554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125554
Jiang Z, Li Y (2016) Facile synthesis of magnetic hybrid Fe3O4/MIL-101 via heterogeneous coprecipitation assembly for efficient adsorption of anionic dyes. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 59:373–379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2015.09.002
Jrad A, Damacet P, Yaghi Z et al (2022) Zr-based metal-organic framework nanocrystals for water remediation. ACS Appl Nano Mater 5:10795–10808. https://doi.org/10.1021/ACSANM.2C02128/ASSET/IMAGES/LARGE/AN2C02128_0009.JPEG
Katz MJ, Brown ZJ, Colón YJ et al (2013) A facile synthesis of UiO-66, UiO-67 and their derivatives. Chem Commun 49:9449. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cc46105j
Lagergren S (1898) Zur theorie der sogenennten adsorption geloster stoffe. K Sven Vetenskademiens Handl 24:1–39
Langmuir I (1918) The adsorptıon of gases on plane surfaces of glass, mıca and platınum. J Am Chem Soc 40:1361–1403. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja02242a004
Lin H, Wu J, Zhang H (2014) Degradation of clofibric acid in aqueous solution by an EC/Fe3+/PMS process. Chem Eng J 244:514–521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.01.099
Liu H, Cheng M, Liu Y et al (2022) Modified UiO-66 as photocatalysts for boosting the carbon-neutral energy cycle and solving environmental remediation issues. Coord Chem Rev 458:214428. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CCR.2022.214428
Liu H, Xie X (2021) Thiol-methyl-modified magnetic microspheres for effective cadmium (II) removal from polluted water. Environ Sci Pollut Res. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13773-1
Liu J, Thallapally PK, Mcgrail BP et al (2012) Progress in adsorption-based CO 2 capture by metal-organic frameworks. This J is Cite This Chem Soc Rev 41:2308–2322. https://doi.org/10.1039/c1cs15221a
Mamdani EH, Assilian S (1975) An experiment in linguistic synthesis with a fuzzy logic controller. Int J Man Mach Stud 7:1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7373(75)80002-2
Meng AN, Chaihu LX, Chen HH, Gu ZY (2017) Ultrahigh adsorption and singlet-oxygen mediated degradation for efficient synergetic removal of bisphenol A by a stable zirconium-porphyrin metal-organic framework. Sci Rep 7:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06194-z
Mestre AS, Nabiço A, Figueiredo PL et al (2016) Enhanced clofibric acid removal by activated carbons: water hardness as a key parameter. Chem Eng J 286:538–548. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CEJ.2015.10.066
Molina-Fernandez N, Perez-Conde C, Rainieri S, Sanz-Landaluze J (2017) Method for quantifying NSAIDs and clofibric acid in aqueous samples, lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) roe, and zebrafish (Danio rerio) eleutheroembryos and evaluation of their bioconcentration in zebrafish eleutheroembryos. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24:10907–10918. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6671-8
Moradi SE, Nasrollahpour A, Khodaveisi J (2017) PtNi nano-alloys loaded ordered mesoporous carbon for use in clofibric acid adsorption. Desalin Water Treat 87:277–284. https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2017.21282
Packer JL, Werner JJ, Latch DE et al (2003) Photochemical fate of pharmaceuticals in the environment: naproxen, diclofenac, clofibric acid, and ibuprofen. Aquat Sci 65:342–351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-003-0671-8
Phouthavong V, Yan R, Nijpanich S, et al (2022) Magnetic adsorbents for wastewater treatment: advancements in their synthesis methods. Mater 2022, Vol 15, Page 1053 15:1053. https://doi.org/10.3390/MA15031053
Qiu J, Feng Y, Zhang X et al (2017) Acid-promoted synthesis of UiO-66 for highly selective adsorption of anionic dyes: adsorption performance and mechanisms. J Colloid Interface Sci 499:151–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2017.03.101
Reyes NJDG, Geronimo FKF, Yano KA V., et al (2021) Pharmaceutical and personal care products in different matrices: occurrence, pathways, and treatment processes. Water 2021, Vol 13, Page 1159 13:1159. https://doi.org/10.3390/W13091159
Rivera-Jiménez SM, Hernández-Maldonado AJ (2008) Nickel(II) grafted MCM-41: a novel sorbent for the removal of naproxen from water. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 116:246–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2008.04.009
Rivera-Jiménez SM, Méndez-González S, Hernández-Maldonado A (2010) Metal (M = Co2+, Ni2+, and Cu2+) grafted mesoporous SBA-15: effect of transition metal incorporation and pH conditions on the adsorption of naproxen from water. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 132:470–479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2010.03.029
Selim MS, Elmarakbi A, Azzam AM et al (2018) Eco-friendly design of superhydrophobic nano-magnetite/silicone composites for marine foul-release paints. Prog Org Coatings 116:21–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PORGCOAT.2017.12.008
Simonin J-P (2016) On the comparison of pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order rate laws in the modeling of adsorption kinetics. Chem Eng J 300:254–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CEJ.2016.04.079
Sips R (1948) On the structure of a catalyst surface. J Chem Phys 16:490–495. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1746922
Sun W, Li H, Li H et al (2019) Adsorption mechanisms of ibuprofen and naproxen to UiO-66 and UiO-66-NH2: batch experiment and DFT calculation. Chem Eng J 360:645–653. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CEJ.2018.12.021
Tan L, Shuang C, Wang Y et al (2018) Effect of pore structure on the removal of clofibric acid by magnetic anion exchange resin. Chemosphere 191:817–824. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.005
Valderrama C, Gamisans X, de las Heras X, et al (2008) Sorption kinetics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons removal using granular activated carbon: Intraparticle diffusion coefficients. J Hazard Mater 157:386–396. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHAZMAT.2007.12.119
Vieira WT, de Farias MB, Spaolonzi MP, et al (2020) Removal of endocrine disruptors in waters by adsorption, membrane filtration and biodegradation. A review. Springer International Publishing
W.J.Weber JCM (1963) Kinetics of adsorption on carbon from solution. J Santi Eng Div ASCE 89:31–59
Wang J, Guo X (2020) Adsorption kinetic models: physical meanings, applications, and solving methods. J Hazard Mater 390:122156. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHAZMAT.2020.122156
Wojcieszyńska D, Guzik U (2020) Naproxen in the environment: its occurrence, toxicity to nontarget organisms and biodegradation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 104:1849–1857. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00253-019-10343-X/FIGURES/4
Wu FC, Tseng RL, Juang RS (2009) Initial behavior of intraparticle diffusion model used in the description of adsorption kinetics. Chem Eng J 153:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CEJ.2009.04.042
Xie A, Dai J, Chen X et al (2016) Hierarchical porous carbon materials derived from a waste paper towel with ultrafast and ultrahigh performance for adsorption of tetracycline. RSC Adv 6:72985–72998. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra17286e
Yang K, Yan LG, Yang YM et al (2014) Adsorptive removal of phosphate by Mg-Al and Zn-Al layered double hydroxides: kinetics, isotherms and mechanisms. Sep Purif Technol 124:36–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2013.12.042
Zadeh LA (1965) Fuzzy sets. Inf. Control 8:338–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-9958(65)90241-X
Zhao P, Liu N, Jin C et al (2019) UiO-66: an advanced platform for ınvestigating the ınfluence of functionalization in the adsorption removal of pharmaceutical waste. Inorg Chem 58:8787–8792. https://doi.org/10.1021/ACS.INORGCHEM.9B01172/SUPPL_FILE/IC9B01172_SI_001.PDF
Zhu QL, Xu Q (2014) Metal-organic framework composites. Chem Soc Rev 43:5468–5512. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cs60472a
Funding
This research has been supported by “Beykent University Research Fund” through Project number “2018–19-BAP-10.”
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Ferda Civan Çavuşoğlu and Gülsüm Özçelik conceived and designed research, and conducted the experiments. Cengiz Özbek analyzed data and calculated the fuzzy logic modeling. Şeyma Özkara Aydınoğlu wrote and edited the manuscript. Şahika Sena Bayazit provided the funding, designed the research, and wrote and edited the manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethical approval
Not applicable: the manuscript does not involve the use of any animal or human data or tissue.
Consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Responsible Editor: Angeles Blanco
Publisher's note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Civan Çavuşoğlu, F., Özçelik, G., Özbek, C. et al. Fe3O4 supported UiO-66 (Zr) metal–organic framework for removal of drug contaminants from water: fuzzy logic modeling approach. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 44337–44352 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-25378-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-25378-x