Abstract
Rice husk biochars (BCs) doped with ferric chloride were prepared by one-pot method, characterized by SEM, EDS, BET, XRD, and FTIR, and utilized to catalyze peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for tetracycline (TC) degradation. Various influencing factors in the BC/PMS/TC system were investigated, as well as the recycling performance of the optimal BC. The mechanism of BC activation of PMS and degradation of TC were analyzed based on the free radicals quenching experiment and the pathways of TC degradation. The results demonstrated that bBC3 was an excellent catalyst with large specific surface area; the amounts of oxidant and catalyst were important factors affecting the catalytic performance of PMS, while pH had less effect on TC degradation; 10 mM of chloride ions inhibited the TC degradation, while 20 mM promoted the TC degradation; other ions and humic acid inhibited the TC degradation at the set concentrations; activation of PMS by bBC3 yielded species with strong oxidative activity, which were primarily responsible for TC degradation. The bBC3 obtained stable performance for removing TC. This study provided a pathway for the deep utilization of waste rice husks besides an effective method for degrading TC.
Graphical abstract
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
Not applicable.
References
Ahmed MB, Zhou JL, Ngo HH, Guo W (2016) Insight into biochar properties and its cost analysis. Biomass Bioenerg 84:76–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.11.002
Arvaniti OS, Ioannidi AA, Mantzavinos D, Frontistis Z (2022) Heat-activated persulfate for the degradation of micropollutants in water: a comprehensive review and future perspectives. J Environ Manage 318:115568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115568
Borghi AA, Palma MSA (2014) Tetracycline: production, waste treatment and environmental impact assessment. Braz J Pharm Sci 50:25–40. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-82502011000100003
Cazetta AL, Zhang T, Silva TL, Almeida VC, Asefa T (2018) Bone char-derived metal-free N-and S-co-doped nanoporous carbon and its efficient electrocatalytic activity for hydrazine oxidation. Appl Catal B Environ 225:30–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.11.050
Chen L, Cai T, Cheng C, Xiong Z, Ding D (2018a) Degradation of acetamiprid in UV/H2O2 and UV/persulfate systems: a comparative study. Chem Eng J 351:1137–1146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.06.107
Chen L, Ding D, Liu C, Cai H, Qu Y, Yang S, Gao Y, Cai T (2018b) Degradation of norfloxacin by CoFe2O4-GO composite coupled with peroxymonosulfate: a comparative study and mechanistic consideration. Chem Eng J 334:273–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.10.040
Chen L, Jiang X, Xie R, Zhang Y, Jin Y, Jiang W (2020) A novel porous biochar-supported Fe-Mn composite as a persulfate activator for the removal of acid red 88. Sep Purif Technol 250:117232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117232
Daghrir R, Drogui P (2013) Tetracycline antibiotics in the environment: a review. Environ Chem Lett 11:209–227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-013-0404-8
Dai Y, Liu M, Li J, Yang S, Sun Y, Sun Q (2020) A review on pollution situation and treatment methods of tetracycline in groundwater. Sep Sci Technol 55:1005–1021. https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2019.1577445
Dai C, Li S, Duan Y, Leong KH, Liu S, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Tu Y (2022) Mechanisms and product toxicity of activated carbon/peracetic acid for degradation of sulfamethoxazole: implications for groundwater remediation. Water Res 216:118347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118347
Das SK, Ghosh GK, Avasthe R (2020) Application of biochar in agriculture and environment, and its safety issues. Biomass Convers Bior 1:11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-020-01013-4
Delgado F, Gutierrez VS, Dennehy M, Alvarez M (2020) Stable and efficient metal-biochar supported catalyst: degradation of model pollutants through sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation processes. Biochar 2:319–328. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-020-00058-y
Ding Y, Fu L, Peng X, Lei M, Wang C, Jiang J (2022) Copper catalysts for radical and nonradical persulfate based advanced oxidation processes: certainties and uncertainties. Chem Eng J 427:131776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.131776
Dong CD, Chen CW, Hung CM (2019) Persulfate activation with rice husk-based magnetic biochar for degrading PAEs in marine sediments. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26:33781–33790. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2423-2
Du Y, Ma W, Liu P, Zou B, Ma J (2016) Magnetic CoFe2O4 nanoparticles supported on titanate nanotubes (CoFe2O4/TNTs) as a novel heterogeneous catalyst for peroxymonosulfate activation and degradation of organic pollutants. J Hazard Mater 308:58–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.01.035
Fan X, Lin H, Zhao J, Mao Y, Zhang J, Zhang H (2021) Activation of peroxymonosulfate by sewage sludge biochar-based catalyst for efficient removal of bisphenol A: performance and mechanism. Sep Purif Technol 272:118909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118909
Fedorov K, Plata-Gryl M, Khan JA, Boczkaj G (2020) Ultrasound-assisted heterogeneous activation of persulfate and peroxymonosulfate by asphaltenes for the degradation of BTEX in water. J Hazard Mater 397:122804. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122804
Fu H, Ma S, Zhao P, Xu S, Zhan S (2019) Activation of peroxymonosulfate by graphitized hierarchical porous biochar and MnFe2O4 magnetic nanoarchitecture for organic pollutants degradation: structure dependence and mechanism. Chem Eng J 360:157–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.11.207
Gao Y, Zhou Y, Pang SY, Jiang J, Shen YM, Song Y, Duan JB, Guo Q (2021) Enhanced peroxymonosulfate activation via complexed Mn (II): a novel non-radical oxidation mechanism involving manganese intermediates. Water Res 193:116856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2021.116856
Gao Y, Wang Q, Ji G, Li A (2022) Degradation of antibiotic pollutants by persulfate activated with various carbon materials. Chem Eng J 429:132387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.132387
Ghodake GS, Shinde SK, Kadam AA, Saratale RG, Saratale GD, Kumar M, Palem RR, AL-Shwaiman HA, Elgorban AM, Syed A, Kim DY (2021) Review on biomass feedstocks, pyrolysis mechanism and physicochemical properties of biochar: state-of-the-art framework to speed up vision of circular bioeconomy. J Clean Prod 297:126645. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126645
Gopal G, Alex SA, Chandrasekaran N, Mukherjee A (2020) A review on tetracycline removal from aqueous systems by advanced treatment techniques. RSC Adv 10:27081–27095. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0RA04264A
Guan YH, Ma J, Ren YM, Liu YL, Xiao JY, Lin LQ, Zhang C (2013) Efficient degradation of atrazine by magnetic porous copper ferrite catalyzed peroxymonosulfate oxidation via the formation of hydroxyl and sulfate radicals. Water Res 47:5431–5438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2013.06.023
Han Y, Gan L, Gong H, Han J, Qiao W, Xu L (2022) Photoactivation of peroxymonosulfate by wood pulp cellulose biochar/g-C3N4 composite for diclofenac degradation: the radical and nonradical pathways. Biochar 4:1–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-022-00155-0
He J, Xiao Y, Tang J, Chen H, Sun H (2019) Persulfate activation with sawdust biochar in aqueous solution by enhanced electron donor-transfer effect. Sci Total Environ 690:768–777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.043
Huang S, Wang T, Chen K, Mei M, Liu J, Li J (2020) Engineered biochar derived from food waste digestate for activation of peroxymonosulfate to remove organic pollutants. Waste Manage 107:211–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2020.04.009
Huong PT, Jitae K, Al-Tahtamouni TM, Tri NLM, Kim HH, Cho KH, Lee C (2020) Novel activation of peroxymonosulfate by biochar derived from rice husk toward oxidation of organic contaminants in wastewater. J Water Process Eng 33:101037. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.101037
Hu Y, Chen D, Zhang R, Ding Y, Ren Z, Fu M, Cao X, Zeng G (2021) Singlet oxygen-dominated activation of peroxymonosulfate by passion fruit shell derived biochar for catalytic degradation of tetracycline through a non-radical oxidation pathway. J Hazard Mater 419:126495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126495
Jiang SF, Ling LL, Chen WJ, Liu WJ, Li DC, Jiang H (2019) High efficient removal of bisphenol A in a peroxymonosulfate/iron functionalized biochar system: mechanistic elucidation and quantification of the contributors. Chem Eng J 359:572–583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.11.124
Jung YJ, Kim WG, Yoon Y, Kang JW, Hong YM, Kim HW (2012) Removal of amoxicillin by UV and UV/H2O2 processes. Sci Total Environ 420:160–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.12.011
Lee J, Von Gunten U, Kim JH (2020) Persulfate-based advanced oxidation: critical assessment of opportunities and roadblocks. Environ Sci Technol 54:3064–3081. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b07082
Li K, Ma S, Xu S, Fu H, Li Z, Li Y, Liu S, Du J (2021) The mechanism changes during bisphenol A degradation in three iron functionalized biochar/peroxymonosulfate systems: the crucial roles of iron contents and graphitized carbon layers. J Hazard Mater 404:124145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124145
Liu Y, Guo H, Zhang Y, Tang W, Cheng X, Liu H (2016) Activation of peroxymonosulfate by BiVO4 under visible light for degradation of rhodamine B. Chem Phys Lett 653:101–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2016.04.069
Luo M, Lin H, Li B, Dong Y, He Y, Wang L (2018) A novel modification of lignin on corncob-based biochar to enhance removal of cadmium from water. Bioresource Technol 259:312–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.075
Luo X, Shen M, Liu J, Ma Y, Gong B, Liu H, Huang Z (2021) Resource utilization of piggery sludge to prepare recyclable magnetic biochar for highly efficient degradation of tetracycline through peroxymonosulfate activation. J Clean Prod 294:126372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126372
Luu HT, Lee K (2014) Degradation and changes in toxicity and biodegradability of tetracycline during ozone/ultraviolet-based advanced oxidation. Water Sci Technol 70:1229–1235. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.350
Miao D, Zhao S, Zhu K, Zhang P, Wang T, Jia H, Sun H (2020) Activation of persulfate and removal of ethyl-parathion from soil: effect of microwave irradiation. Chemosphere 253:126679. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126679
Mishra NS, Reddy R, Kuila A, Rani A, Mukherjee P, Nawaz A, Pichiah S (2017) A review on advanced oxidation processes for effective water treatment. Current World Environ 12:470. https://doi.org/10.12944/CWE.12.3.02
Nguyen VT, Nguyen TB, Chen CW, Hung CM, Huang CP, Dong CD (2019) Cobalt-impregnated biochar (Co-SCG) for heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate for removal of tetracycline in water. Bioresource Technol 292:121954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121954
Qi C, Liu X, Ma J, Lin C, Li X, Zhang H (2016) Activation of peroxymonosulfate by base: implications for the degradation of organic pollutants. Chemosphere 151:280–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.02.089
Rong X, Xie M, Kong L, Natarajan V, Ma L, Zhan J (2019) The magnetic biochar derived from banana peels as a persulfate activator for organic contaminants degradation. Chem Eng J 372:294–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.04.135
Song W, Li J, Wang Z, Zhang X (2019) A mini review of activated methods to persulfate-based advanced oxidation process. Water Sci Technol 79:573–579. https://doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2018.168
Tang S, Tang J, Yuan D, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Rao Y (2020) Elimination of humic acid in water: comparison of UV/PDS and UV/PMS. RSC Adv 10:17627–17634. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0RA01787F
Wang J, Wang S (2020) Reactive species in advanced oxidation processes: Formation, identification and reaction mechanism. Chem Eng J 401:126158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.126158
Wang H, Xiao K, Yang J, Yu Z, Yu W, Xu Q, Wu Q, Liang S, Hu J, Hou H, Liu B (2020a) Phosphorus recovery from the liquid phase of anaerobic digestate using biochar derived from iron- rich sludge: a potential phosphorus fertilizer. Water Res 174:115629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.115629
Wang S, Xu W, Wu J, Gong Q, Xie P (2020b) Improved sulfamethoxazole degradation by the addition of MoS2 into the Fe2+/peroxymonosulfate process. Sep Purif Technol 235:116170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116170
Wang J, Liu X, Yang M, Han H, Zhang S, Ouyang G, Han R (2021a) Removal of tetracycline using modified wheat straw from solution in batch and column modes. J Mol Liq 338:116698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116698
Wang Q, Shi Y, Lv S, Liang Y, Xiao P (2021b) Peroxymonosulfate activation by tea residue biochar loaded with Fe3O4 for the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride: performance and reaction mechanism. RSC Adv 30:18525–18538. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1RA01640G
Wu Z, Tong Z, Xie Y, Sun H, Gong X, Qin P, Liang Y, Yuan X, Zou D, Jiang L (2022) Efficient degradation of tetracycline by persulfate activation with Fe, Co and O co doped g-C3N4: performance, mechanism and toxicity. Chem Eng J 434:134732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.134732
Yao B, Chen X, Zhou K, Luo Z, Li P, Yang Z, Zhou Y (2022) p-Arsanilic acid decontamination over a wide pH range using biochar-supported manganese ferrite material as an effective persulfate catalyst: performances and mechanisms. Biochar 4:1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-022-00158-x
Yang Q, Yan Y, Yang X, Liao G, He J, Wang D (2022) The effect of complexation with metal ions on tetracycline degradation by Fe2+/3+ and Ru3+ activated peroxymonosulfate. Chem Eng J 429:132178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.132178
Yuan H, Lu T, Wang Y, Huang H, Chen Y (2014) Influence of pyrolysis temperature and holding time on properties of biochar derived from medicinal herb (radix isatidis) residue and its effect on soil CO2 emission. J Anal Appl Pyrol 110:277–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2014.09.016
Zhang J, Wang Q (2016) Sustainable mechanisms of biochar derived from brewers’ spent grain and sewage sludge for ammonia-nitrogen capture. J Clean Prod 112:3927–3934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.07.096
Zhang N, Chen J, Fang Z, Tsang EP (2019) Ceria accelerated nanoscale zerovalent iron assisted heterogenous Fenton oxidation of tetracycline. Chem Eng J 369:588–599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.03.112
Zhang W, Yan L, Wang Q, Li X, Guo Y, Song W, Li Y (2021) Ball milling boosted the activation of peroxymonosulfate by biochar for tetracycline removal. J Environ Chem Eng 9:106870. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.106870
Zhang D, Sun J, Li Q, Song H, Xia D (2022) Cu-Doped magnetic loofah biochar for tetracycline degradation via peroxymonosulfate activation. New J Chem 46:17223–17234. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2NJ02885A
Zhao L, Cao X, Mašek O, Zimmerman A (2013) Heterogeneity of biochar properties as a function of feedstock sources and production temperatures. J Hazard Mater 256:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.04.015
Zhao C, Shao B, Yan M, Liu Z, Liang Q, He Q, Wu T, Liu Y, Pan Y, Huang J, Wang J, Liang J, Tang L (2021) Activation of peroxymonosulfate by biochar-based catalysts and applications in the degradation of organic contaminants: a review. Chem Eng J 416:128829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.128829
Zhu S, Xu Y, Zhu Z, Liu Z, Wang W (2020) Activation of peroxymonosulfate by magnetic Co-Fe/SiO2 layered catalyst derived from iron sludge for ciprofloxacin degradation. Chem Eng J 384:123298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.123298
Funding
This work was comprehensively financially supported by the Education Department of Liaoning Province (JZL202015406), the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province (YDZJ202201ZYTS681), and the Outstanding Youth Program of Scientific Research Foundation of Department of Education of Hunan Province (20B505), China.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
TS: conceptualization, writing—review and editing, supervision. YG: experimental design, writing—original draft preparation. JY: experimental design, data curation, writing—review and editing. XZ: experimental design, formal analysis, data curation. RS: investigation, data curation. JL: investigation, data curation.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethics approval
Not applicable
Consent to participate
Not applicable
Consent for publication
Not applicable
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Responsible Editor: Guilherme L. Dotto
Publisher's note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Highlights
• Peroxymonosulfate activated via biochar doped with FeCl3 facilitates the degradation of tetracycline.
• bBC3 with excellent pore structure exhibits the best tetracycline removal effect.
• Free radicals and non-free radicals are responsible for the oxidation of tetracycline jointly.
• Rice husk biochar applied in advanced oxidation is beneficial to deep utilization of agricultural waste.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Song, T., Gao, Y., Ye, J. et al. Insight into enhanced degradation of tetracycline over peroxymonosulfate activated via biochar-based nanocomposite: performance and mechanism. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 27394–27408 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24102-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24102-5