Abstract
A variety of both small and large biologically intriguing compounds can be found abundantly in the marine environment. Researchers are particularly interested in marine bacteria because they can produce classes of bioactive secondary metabolites that are structurally diverse. The main secondary metabolites produced by marine bacteria are regarded as steroids, alkaloids, peptides, terpenoids, biopolymers, and polyketides. The global urbanization leads to the increased use of organic pollutants that are both persistent and toxic for humans, other life forms and tend to biomagnified in environment. The issue can be addressed, by using marine microbial biopolymers with ability for increased bioremediation. Amongst biopolymers, the exopolysaccharides (EPS) are the most prominent under adverse environmental stress conditions. The present review emphasizes the use of EPS as a bio-flocculent for wastewater treatment, as an adsorbent for the removal of textile dye and heavy metals from industrial effluents. The biofilm-forming ability of EPS helps with soil reclamation and reduces soil erosion. EPS are an obvious choice being environmentally friendly and cost-effective in processes for developing sustainable technology. However, a better understanding of EPS biosynthetic pathways and further developing novel sustainable technologies is desirable and certainly will pave the way for efficient usage of EPS for environment cleanup.
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Acknowledgements
Authors DMB and NYP kindly acknowledge the financial support and research assistance under the SHODH (ScHeme of Developing High-Quality Research) fellowship by the Education Department, Government of Gujarat. VHR righteously acknowledges the financial assistance under UGC-BSR Start-up Research Grant (BSR). All the authors righteously acknowledge the infrastructural facilities at the Department of Microbiology & Biotechnology, Gujarat University Ahmedabad, and the Department of Microbiology, Christ College Rajkot.
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This study was funded by ScHeme of Developing High-Quality Research fellowship (Reference No. 201901380189 (DMB); Reference No. 202001380174 (NYP) & financial assistance received under UGC-BSR Start-up Research Grant No. No.F.30–521/2020 (BSR) to VHR.
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DMB prepared the manuscript and NYP assisted in framing the data and contributed to the grammar of the manuscript. RRP and KNR contributed to the drafting of the manuscript. The overall idea of the review was designed and conceived by SMY and VHR. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Baria, D.M., Patel, N.Y., Yagnik, S.M. et al. Exopolysaccharides from marine microbes with prowess for environment cleanup. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 76611–76625 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-23198-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-23198-z