Abstract
In this study, a novel thermo-responsive polymer was synthesized with efficient grafting of N-isopropylacrylamide as a thermosensitive polymer onto the graphene oxide surface for the efficient removal of phenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol from aqueous solutions. The synthesized polymer was conjugated with 2-allylphenol. Phenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol were monitored by ultra-performance liquid chromatography system equipped with a photodiode array detector. The nanoadsorbent was characterized by different techniques. The nanoadsorbent revealed high adsorption capacity where the removal percentages of 91 and 99% were found under optimal conditions for phenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol, respectively (for phenol; adsorbent dosage = 0.005 g, pH = 8, temperature= 25 °C, contact time = 60 min; for 2,4-dichlorophenol; adsorbent dosage = 0.005 g, pH = 5, temperature = 25 °C, contact time = 10 min). Adsorption of phenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol onto nanoadsorbent followed pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models, respectively. The values of ΔG (average value = − 11.39 kJ mol−1 for phenol and 13.42 kJ mol−1 for 2,4-dichlorophenol), ΔH (− 431.72 J mol−1 for phenol and − 15,721.8 J mol−1 for 2,4-dichlorophenol), and ΔS (35.39 J mol−1 K−1 for phenol and − 7.40 J mol−1 K−1 for 2,4-dichlorophenol) confirmed spontaneous and exothermic adsorption. The reusability study indicated that the adsorbent can be reused in the wastewater treatment application. Thermosensitive nanoadsorbent could be used as a low-cost and efficient sorbent for phenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol removal from wastewater samples.
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Islamic Azad University (Science and Research Branch) provided financial support of this project.
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Daryoush Khedri: methodology, conceptualization, investigation, formal analysis, validation, writing-original draft. Amir Hessam Hassani: supervision, project administration, formal analysis, validation, writing-original draft. Elham Moniri: supervision, project administration, formal analysis, validation, writing-original draft. Homayon Ahmad Panahi: project administration, formal analysis, writing-review and editing, investigation. Mehrnoosh Khaleghian: conceptualization, formal analysis, writing-review and editing, investigation.
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Khedri, D., Hassani, A.H., Moniri, E. et al. Temperature-responsive graphene oxide/N-isopropylacrylamide/2-allylphenol nanocomposite for the removal of phenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol from aqueous solution. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 2494–2508 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22389-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22389-y