Abstract
There are very few studies in the literature on the usage of CKD in cementitious systems. This article presents the laboratory study results on the influence of cement kiln dust (CKD) on the properties of mortar made with cement kiln dust and Portland cement. The article aims to prevent CKD’s (known as a hazardous waste product) damage to nature by utilizing CKD in cementitious systems and contributing to sustainability by reducing cement amount in the cementitious system. For this purpose, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of CKD were replaced with cement and binary cementitious systems were formed. For all mortar mixes, the water/binder ratio was kept constant at 0.5, and the sand/binder ratio was 3. Workability, dry unit weight, water absorption ratio and porosity, flexural strength, compressive strength, abrasion, carbonation, and high-temperature resistance tests were performed on the mortar specimens. Based on the results of laboratory work, it was observed that the replacement of CKD with cement reduces the workability of fresh mortar. Compressive and flexural strengths of CKD-added mixtures were found to be equivalent or insignificantly lower than that of the control sample. The addition of CKD had a negligible effect on water absorption and porosity of samples. Besides, the residual compressive strength determined after the elevated temperature test for the sample made with CKD were found to be equivalent or higher compared to the control sample. Present laboratory studies showed that utilization of CKD in cementitious mortar system is feasible in terms of testing conducted.
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15 June 2022
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21446-w
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Hadiye Hakkomaz: investigation and experiment; Hediye Yorulmaz: literature search and writing; Uğur Durak: literature search and writing; Serhan İlkentapar: experiment; Okan Karahan: idea for research and writing; Cengiz Duran Atiş: writing and revised the manuscript critically.
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Highlights
• The addition of cement kiln dust had insignificant effect on the water absorption capacity and porosity in comparison to control mortar.
• The addition of CKD up to 20% as cement replacement in mortar showed higher or equivalent flexural and compressive strengths compared to control mortar.
• CKD-added mortars showed similar elevated temperature resistance to control mortar.
• Abrasion resistance of all CKD replaced mortar increased in comparison to control mortar.
• CKD can be blended with cement in the factory.
The original online version of this article was revised: The layout of Tables 2, 4 and 5 is modified in the original published proof.
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Hakkomaz, H., Yorulmaz, H., Durak, U. et al. The influence of cement kiln dust on strength and durability properties of cement-based systems. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 76166–76175 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21281-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21281-z