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Comparison of ecosystem services provided by an urban and a riverine wetland: a multi-scale evaluation from lower Gangetic plain, Eastern India

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Abstract

Wetland ecosystems (WE) are considered the most productive ecosystems on the globe which provide a range of basic and critical ecosystem services (ES) to humans. However, WE are constantly being degraded because of a poor understanding of social benefits at a local level and the lack of recognition of economic values for ES at sub-national and national levels. This study aims to compare a peri-urban wetland with a riverine wetland from lower Gangetic plain, Eastern India, to identify the bundle of ES based on its perceived importance from multiple perspectives at a local level. Participatory research tools have been employed (i.e., key informant interviews, household survey, and field observation) for data collection. Based on rapid assessment of wetland ecosystem services (RAWES) approach, a priority ranking analysis was used to examine ES. A Mann-Whitney U test was performed to find out significant differences in RAWES approach between riverine and peri-urban wetlands. Multiple regression model (MRM) was also performed to explore the impact of socio-demographic factors towards the perception of WES. Results showed that (i) the utilizations of WES largely vary between riverine and peri-urban wetland; (ii) provisioning and regulating ES were attributed relatively higher importance by the people of riverine and peri-urban wetlands in comparison to other ES; (iii) as per RAWES approach, the ESI value for riverine wetland was higher (0.58) than the peri-urban wetland (0.44) indicating the higher importance and dependence on WES; and (iv) population growth, expansion of settlement, climate change, and agricultural expansion were attributed as significant drivers of WE change (particularly for urban wetland). This study suggests the much-needed policy interventions and future pathways of research for developing effective measures to ensure livelihood sustainability of the dependent communities and to sustain (active) the ecosystem health of riverine and peri-urban wetlands.

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Data availability

The datasets used during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to extend hearty acknowledgement to the respondents of the stakeholders for their consent to participate in the study and cooperation during the field survey. We also express our special thanks to Mr Rinku Das and Mr. Kanai Mahanto for their support during the field survey in the riverine wetland. We would like to thank Mr. Aslam Sk and Mr. Sandipan Roy for their assistance during the field survey in the peri-urban wetland. The second author (Manob Das) is thankful to University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi, India, for financial support to work as a senior research fellow (SRF) at Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga, West Bengal, India.

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  1. Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga, West Bengal, 732103, Malda, India

    Arijit Das, Manob Das & Riya Gupta

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  1. Arijit Das
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Contributions

MD and AD conceptualize and designed the study; MD and RG collected and analyzed the data; MD wrote the original draft; MD interpreted the analysis. MD and AD read and modified the paper. All three authors have contributed extensively to data interpretation and discussions. All authors consented to the publication.

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Correspondence to Manob Das.

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Highlights

• A comparison of ecosystem services (ES) provided by an urban and a riverine wetland was made from the lower Gangetic plain.

• Rapid assessment of wetland ecosystem services (RAWES) approach has been implemented to assess wetland ecosystem service (WES).

• This study assesses WES from two wetlands with diversified socio-cultural settings.

• There were substantial differences in WES importance, dependency, and perceived threats between urban and riverine wetland.

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Das, A., Das, M. & Gupta, R. Comparison of ecosystem services provided by an urban and a riverine wetland: a multi-scale evaluation from lower Gangetic plain, Eastern India. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 79529–79544 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21230-w

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