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Enhanced removal of tetracycline via advanced oxidation of sodium persulfate and biochar adsorption

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Abstract

Advanced oxidation of antibiotic tetracycline (TC) is becoming an accessible and efficient technology. The removal of TC from the complex wastewater needs to be lucubrated. In this study, a TC removal system involving degradation and adsorption was established. TC degradation was accomplished by enhanced advanced oxidation via the addition of sodium persulfate (SP) and biochar into simulated wastewater containing Mn2+ and TC wastewater. The adsorption of TC and its derivatives was removed by biochar. The results indicate that the optimized reaction parameters were 3.0 g/L of biochar prepared at 600 °C (B600) and 400 mg/L of SP under acidic condition, and the removal percentage of TC was 87.48%, including 74.23% of degradation and 13.28% of adsorption; the anions Cl−, NO3−, and H2PO4− had negligible effects on the removal of TC in this Mn2+/B600/SP system. The system also functioned well with an aqueous solution with a high chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis indicated that ·OH and SO4− free radicals were present in the Mn2+/B600/SP system. Based on the testing and analysis results, a removal mechanism and potential TC degradation pathway for this system were proposed. TC can be degraded by ·OH and SO4− via three degradation pathways. Mn2+ can be precipitated as MnO2, and a part of the TC and its derivatives can be adsorbed on the biochar surface. The Mn2+/B600/SP system also performed satisfactorily for a complex aqueous solution with various cations and antibiotics.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the editor and reviewers for their comments on this paper. The authors also thank Dr. Shengnan Zhou’s help during the revision process.

Funding

This study was supported by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation [Grant number. ZR2021QB216; ZR2021QH281], Research Innovation Team of College of Chemistry and Environmental Science of Hebei University [Grant number. hxkytd-py2104], and the Doctoral Foundation of Southwest University of Science and Technology [Grant number. 21zx7131].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Carbon Neutrality, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China

    Shiqiu Zhang & Geng Xu

  2. College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China

    Shiqiu Zhang & Geng Xu

  3. National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resource Utilization, Nankai University, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China

    Shiqiu Zhang

  4. Analytical and Testing Center, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China

    Kui Zheng

  5. School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China

    Bolong Liang

  6. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Pollution Control Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, 100012, China

    Qin Yin

  7. College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China

    Qin Yin

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  1. Shiqiu Zhang
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  2. Kui Zheng
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  3. Geng Xu
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Contributions

Conceptualization: Shiqiu Zhang, Qin Yin; methodology: Shiqiu Zhang, Kui Zheng, Geng Xu, Bolong Liang, Qin Yin; formal analysis and investigation: Shiqiu Zhang, Kui Zheng, Geng Xu, Bolong Liang, Qin Yin; writing—original draft preparation: Shiqiu Zhang; Qin Yin; writing—review and editing: Shiqiu Zhang, Kui Zheng, Geng Xu, Bolong Liang, Qin Yin; funding acquisition: Shiqiu Zhang, Kui Zheng, Bolong Liang; resources: Shiqiu Zhang, Kui Zheng, Geng Xu, Bolong Liang, Qin Yin; supervision: Shiqiu Zhang, Qin Yin.

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Correspondence to Qin Yin.

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Zhang, S., Zheng, K., Xu, G. et al. Enhanced removal of tetracycline via advanced oxidation of sodium persulfate and biochar adsorption. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 72556–72567 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20817-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20817-7

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