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Three-season rotation of chicory–tobacco–peanut with high biomass and bioconcentration factors effectively remediates cadmium-contaminated farmland

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Abstract

Traditional phytoremediation is one approach to remediate heavy metal pollution. In developing countries, the key factor in promoting practical application of phytoremediation in polluted soils is selecting suitable plants that are tolerant to heavy metals and also produce products with economic value. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted with a three-season chicory–tobacco–peanut rotation to determine effects on remediation of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated farmland in China. All crops had strong Cd accumulation capacity, with bioconcentration factors of 6.61 to 11.97 in chicory, 3.85 to 21.61 in tobacco, and 1.36 to 7.0 in peanut. Yield of total dry biomass reached 32.4 t ha−1, and the Cd phytoextraction efficiency was 10.3% per year. Aboveground tissues of the three crops accounted for 83.9 to 91.2% of total biomass in the rotation experiment. Cd content in peanut grain and oil met the National Food Safety Standard of China (0.5 mg kg−1, GB 2762–2017) and the Food Contaminant Limit of the European Union (0.1 mg kg−1, 18,812,006). Therefore, in addition to phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils, the chicory–tobacco–peanut rotation system can also produce economic benefits for local farmers.

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Data availability

All data generated or used during the study are available from the corresponding author by request.

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Funding

This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U20A20108 and 42077142).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China

    Linhan Chen, Wenjun Yang, Yang Yang, Pengfei Tu, Shengnan Hu & Qingru Zeng

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  1. Linhan Chen
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  2. Wenjun Yang
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  3. Yang Yang
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  4. Pengfei Tu
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  5. Shengnan Hu
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  6. Qingru Zeng
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Contributions

Linhan Chen: formal analysis, investigation, data curation, writing-original draft, software, validation. Wenjun Yang: data curation, investigation. Yang Yang: supervision, data curation, software, methodology. Pengfei Tu: software, validation, supervision. Shengnan Hu: data curation, methodology. Qingru Zeng: conceptualization, methodology, resources, writing-review and editing, data curation, project administration, supervision, funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Qingru Zeng.

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Chen, L., Yang, W., Yang, Y. et al. Three-season rotation of chicory–tobacco–peanut with high biomass and bioconcentration factors effectively remediates cadmium-contaminated farmland. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 64822–64831 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20400-0

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