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Comparative study of silicon and selenium to modulate chloroplast pigments levels, Hill activity, photosynthetic parameters and carbohydrate metabolism under arsenic stress in rice seedlings

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Abstract

Arsenic (As) in groundwater severely harms global economic development by affecting growth and productivity of agricultural crops that causes human health risk. The comparative influence of silicon (Si) and selenium (Se) to modulate pigments levels, photosynthetic parameters using LI-6400XT Portable Photosynthesis System and carbohydrate metabolism under arsenate (As-V) stress in rice cv. MTU-1010 were evaluated. As(V) stress significantly decreased chlorophyll-a (32% on an average), chlorophyll-b (58% on an average), total chlorophyll (46% on an average), fluorescence intensity (31% on an average), carotene (39% on an average), xanthophyll (33% on an average), Hill activity (47% on an average) and the photosynthetic parameters, viz. intercellular CO2 concentration (52% on an average), net photosynthesis (54% on an average), transpiration rate (36% on an average) and stomatal conductance (38% on an average) in the test seedlings. As(V) + Si treatments enhanced the stated occurrences more than As(V) + Se treatments in rice seedlings. Sugar contents, viz. reducing (85% on an average) and non-reducing sugar (61% on an average), were increased, but starch content (57% on an average) was decreased in only As(V)-treated rice seedlings. The activities of carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes were increased, while sucrose synthase activity was decreased due to As(V) toxicity in the test seedlings. Co-application of Si and As(V) as well as Se and As(V) showed ameliorative effects on sugar and starch contents along with the activities of carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes, but more potential effect was observed under combined application of Si and As(V) in rice seedlings. Thus, it is an important purpose of this paper to compare the ability of Se and Si to alleviate As(V) toxicity in rice seedlings which will be an effective approach to develop possible strategies in As-contaminated agricultural soil to improve normal growth and productivity of rice plants.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Department of Science & Technology (DST), Government of India, for providing Dst-Inspire Fellowship (No. DST/INSPIRE Fellowship/2015/IF150003) to SD. All the authors are grateful to the Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, for providing the infrastructure support. SD also acknowledges the valuable guidance of Dr. Abhik Ghosh, Assistant Professor, Interdisciplinary Statistical Research Unit, Applied Statistics Division, Indian Statistical Institute (ISI), Kolkata, during immense statistical analysis in the manuscript. The authors are also grateful to Dr. Soumyajit Biswas and Prof. Asis Mazumdar, Regional-cum-Facilitation Centre (Eastern Region), National Medicinal Plants Board (NMPB), Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India, for their help to estimate gas exchange attributes by providing the Li-COR instrument.

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  1. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India

    Susmita Das & Asok K. Biswas

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  1. Susmita Das
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SD conceived the study, analysed the experiments and experimental data statistically and wrote the manuscript. AKB provided supervision during the experimental design and gave the paper in its final shape.

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Correspondence to Asok K. Biswas.

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Das, S., Biswas, A.K. Comparative study of silicon and selenium to modulate chloroplast pigments levels, Hill activity, photosynthetic parameters and carbohydrate metabolism under arsenic stress in rice seedlings. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 19508–19529 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16836-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16836-5

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