Abstract
In recent years, the occurrence of floods is one of the most important challenges facing in Hamadan city. In the absence/inefficiency of urban drainage systems, rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems as low-impact development (LID) methods can be considered as a measure to reduce the floods. In this study, three scenarios concerning the RWH from the roof surfaces are studied to evaluate the type of the harvested water on reducing flooding. In the first scenario, which indicates the current situation in the studied area, it is indicated that there is no harvest of the roof surfaces in the studied area. The second scenario is about the use of water harvested from the roof surfaces for household purposes. The third scenario also refers to the use of harvested water for irrigation of gardens. The simulation results of these three scenarios using the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) method in the Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) model reveal that if the second scenario is implemented, the runoff volume decreases from 28 to 12% for the return period from 2 to 100 years. However, in the third scenario, this reduction in runoff volume will be 48 and 27% for return periods of 2 to 100 years, respectively. Therefore, the results of this study indicate that the use of harvested water can also affect the reduction on runoff volume.
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Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Conceptualization: Ali Reza Ilderomi, Mehdi Sepehri; Data curation: Ali Reza Ilderomi; Formal analysis: Mehdi Sepehri; Investigation: Farshid Jahanbakhshi;Methodology: Mehdi Sepehri; Resources: Sarita Gajbhiye Meshram; Software: Mehdi Sepehri; Supervision: Ali Reza Ilderomi; Validation/ Visualization: Mahboobeh Kiani-Harchegani; Writing—original draft: Mehdi Sepehri, Afshin Ghahramani; Writing—review and editing: Jesús Rodrigo-Comino, Sarita Gajbhiye Meshram.
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Appendix. List of acronyms used in the present study
Appendix. List of acronyms used in the present study
- RWH:
-
rain-water harvesting
- SCS:
-
soil conservation service
- HEC-HMS:
-
hydrologic modeling system
- NBS:
-
nature-based solutions
- LID:
-
low-impact development
- CSO:
-
combined sewer overflow
- SWMM:
-
Storm Water Management Model
- EIA:
-
effective impervious area
- CN:
-
curve number
- AMC:
-
antecedent soil moisture conditions
- RE:
-
relative error
- TRA:
-
total roof surface area
- ECA:
-
effective collecting surface area
- CL:
-
collecting losses
- FF:
-
first flush
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Meshram, S.G., Ilderomi, A.R., Sepehri, M. et al. Impact of roof rain water harvesting of runoff capture and household consumption. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 49529–49540 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14098-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14098-9