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Sumithion induced structural erythrocyte alteration and damage to the liver and kidney of Nile tilapia

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Abstract

Indiscriminate use of pesticides in agricultural land poses a potential threat to many non-target organisms, including fish. In the present study, we explored the toxicological effects of sumithion on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after exposure at different concentrations (0.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 mg/L) in triplicate for 96 h. The 96-h LC50 value of the pesticide for the test fish was calculated by probit analysis, which was 2.579 mg/L. We also investigated the haematological parameters, erythrocytic alteration and histopathological responses of Nile tilapia. Red blood cell (RBC) and haemoglobin (Hb) level were significantly declined, whereas white blood cell (WBC) and blood glucose level were increased dramatically in the sumithion treated fish. The frequencies of erythrocytic cellular and nuclear alterations were significantly elevated in the fish after exposure to sumithion compared with the control group. The substantial histopathological alterations were observed in sumithion-exposed fish, including pyknotic nucleus, melano-macrophage centers and severe congestion of blood vessels in the liver and patch degeneration, vacuolation and intense form of pyknotic nuclei in the kidney. Observed alterations in this study exhibit that sumithion negatively impacts on Nile tilapia. It is recommended that the use of this pesticide in the agriculture field be monitored and controlled.

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Data availability

Data sharing is not applicable for this article. The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author (Md Shahjahan).

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to SM Majharul Islam for his help in sampling and technical assistance.

Funding

This study was supported by the grants from the Aqua-drugs project of Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute and University Grants Commission of Bangladesh.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh

    Sadia Sharmin, Md Touhidul Islam, Md Anwar Sadat, Rayeda Jannat & Md Shahjahan

  2. Department of Coastal Studies and Digester Management, University of Barishal, Barishal, 8200, Bangladesh

    Sadia Sharmin

  3. School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia

    Md Rushna Alam

  4. Faculty of Fisheries, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh

    Md Rushna Alam

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  1. Sadia Sharmin
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  4. Rayeda Jannat
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Contributions

Sadia Sharmin drafted the manuscript. Md Touhidul Islam and Md Anwar Sadat performed the experiment and collected the data. Rayeda Jannat helped in data collection. Md Rushna Alam assisted with data analysis and writing the manuscript. Md Shahjahan assisted in the experimental design and edited the manuscript. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Md Shahjahan.

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The experimental procedures followed the guidance approved by the animal care and use committee of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh (Approval Number: BAU-FoF/2019/009).

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Sharmin, S., Islam, M.T., Sadat, M.A. et al. Sumithion induced structural erythrocyte alteration and damage to the liver and kidney of Nile tilapia. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 36695–36706 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13263-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13263-4

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