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Performance evaluation and kinetic modeling of down-flow high-rate anaerobic bioreactors for poultry slaughterhouse wastewater treatment

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Abstract

In this study, the treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW) was evaluated using two new down-flow high-rate anaerobic bioreactor systems (HRABS), including the down-flow expanded granular bed reactor (DEGBR) and the static granular bed reactor (SGBR). These two bioreactors have demonstrated a good performance for the treatment of PSW with removal percentages of the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), the chemical oxygen demand (COD), and fats, oil, and grease (FOG) exceeding 95% during peak performance days. This performance of down-flow HRABS appears as a breakthrough in the field of anaerobic treatment of medium to high-strength wastewater because down-flow anaerobic bioreactors have been neglected for the high-rate anaerobic treatment of such wastewater due to the success of up-flow anaerobic reactors such as the UASB and the EGSB as a result of the granulation of a consortium of anaerobic bacteria required for efficient anaerobic digestion and biogas production. Hence, to promote the recourse to such technologies and provide further explanation to their performance, this study approached the kinetic analysis of these two down-flow HRABS using the modified Stover-Kincannon and the Grau second-order multi-component substrate models. From a comparison between the two models investigated, the modified Stover-Kincannon model provided the best prediction for the concentration of the substrate in the effluent from the two HRABS. This analysis led to the determination of the kinetic parameters of the two models that can be used for the design of the two HRABS and the prediction of the performance of the SGBR and DEGBR. The kinetic parameters determined using the Modified Stover-Kincannon were Umax = 40.5 gCOD/L.day and KB = 47.3 gCOD/L.day for the DEGBR and Umax = 33.6 gCOD/L.day and KB = 44.9 gCOD/L.day for the SGBR; while, using the Grau second-order model, the kinetic models determined were a = 0.058 and b = 1.112 for the DEGBR and a = 0.135 and b = 1.33 for the SGBR.

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Data Availability

The datasets pertaining to this research are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to acknowledge the National Research Fund of South Africa, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, and the Bioresource Engineering Research Group (BioERG, CPUT) for their financial and logistical contribution to this work.

Funding

This research was funded by the National Research Fund (NRF) of South Africa, and the University Research Fund (URF RK 16).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P. O. Box 652, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa

    Mahomet Njoya & Moses Basitere

  2. Bioresource Engineering Research Group (BioERG), Department of Biotechnology, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P. O. Box 652, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa

    Mahomet Njoya & Moses Basitere

  3. School of Chemical and Minerals Engineering, North West University, Private BagX1290, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa

    Seteno Karabo Obeb Ntwampe

  4. Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia

    Jun Wei Lim

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  1. Mahomet Njoya
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  2. Moses Basitere
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  3. Seteno Karabo Obeb Ntwampe
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  4. Jun Wei Lim
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Contributions

MN conceptualized the study, analyzed and interpreted the data, and drafted the manuscript. MB and SKON contributed to the manuscript. JWL revised the manuscript. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mahomet Njoya.

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Njoya, M., Basitere, M., Ntwampe, S.K.O. et al. Performance evaluation and kinetic modeling of down-flow high-rate anaerobic bioreactors for poultry slaughterhouse wastewater treatment. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 9529–9541 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11397-5

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