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Traffic aerosol lobar doses deposited in the human respiratory system

  • Employ of Multivariate Analysis and Chemometrics in Cultural Heritage and Environment Fields
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Abstract

Aerosol pollution in urban environments has been recognized to be responsible for important pathologies of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. In this perspective, great attention has been addressed to Ultra Fine Particles (UFPs < 100 nm), because they efficiently penetrate into the respiratory system and are capable of translocating from the airways into the blood circulation. This paper describes the aerosol regional doses deposited in the human respiratory system in a high-traffic urban area. The aerosol measurements were carried out on a curbside in downtown Rome, on a street characterized by a high density of autovehicular traffic. Aerosol number-size distributions were measured by means of a Fast Mobility Particle Sizer in the range from 5.6 to 560 nm with a 1 s time resolution. Dosimetry estimates were performed with the Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry model by means of the stochastic lung model. The exposure scenario close to traffic is represented by a sequence of short-term peak exposures: about 6.6 × 1010 particles are deposited hourly into the respiratory system. After 1 h of exposure in proximity of traffic, 1.29 × 1010, 1.88 × 1010, and 3.45 × 1010 particles are deposited in the head, tracheobronchial, and alveolar regions. More than 95 % of such doses are represented by UFPs. Finally, according to the greater dose estimated, the right lung lobes are expected to be more susceptible to respiratory pathologies than the left lobes.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank ARA for MPPD version 2.1.

This study was supported by INAIL grants P19L08, P20L01 and P20L09.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. DIT, INAIL Research Area, via IV Novembre 144, I-00187, Rome, Italy

    Maurizio Manigrasso, Claudio Vernale & Pasquale Avino

Authors
  1. Maurizio Manigrasso
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  2. Claudio Vernale
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  3. Pasquale Avino
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Correspondence to Maurizio Manigrasso.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Manigrasso, M., Vernale, C. & Avino, P. Traffic aerosol lobar doses deposited in the human respiratory system. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 13866–13873 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5666-1

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