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Virulency of novel nanolarvicide from Trichoderma atroviride against Aedes aegypti (Linn.): a CLSM analysis

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Abstract

Aedes aegypti is the vector for transmitting dengue, chikungunya, and yellow fever. These diseases’ transmission has increased predominantly in urban and semi-urban areas as a major public health concern. In present investigation, Trichoderma atroviride culture filtrates were used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticle. Moreover, T. atroviride is a free-living and rapidly growing fungi common in soil and root ecosystem. This fungi is an exceptionally good model for biocontrol and more significant as a bioagent. T. atroviride was grown in malt extract. T. atroviride culture filtrates were exposed to silver nitrates solution for 24 h at 25 °C for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). These AgNPs were characterized to find their unique properties with UV-visible spectrophotometer and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis. The T. atroviride culture filtrates have formed hexagonal (diamond shape) AgNPs with the range of size of 14.01–21.02 nm. These AgNPs have shown significant efficacies against first, second, third, and fourth instar larvae of A. aegypti. The LC90 and LC99 values for the first instar were 1 and 3 ppm, second instar 2 and 3.18 ppm, third instar 3.12 and 4.12 ppm, and fourth instar 6.30 and 6.59 ppm, respectively, after an exposure of 7 h. The confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) studies were verdict that these AgNPs embedded in the cuticle of larvae and cause instant lethality in 7 h. Present investigations have demonstrated that the AgNPs of T. atroviride culture filtrates synthesized can be used for larvae control of A. aegypti. T. atroviride is synthesized to silver nanoparticles to be a promising new candidate for application in mosquito control. We therefore suggested that the ability of T. atroviride culture filtrates in synthesis can also be explored for synthesizing silver nanoparticles for commercial exploitation.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi, under Fast Track scheme of the Science and Engineering Research Board. We sincerely thank Prof. P.K. Kalra, Director, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, for his encouragements for this research. We are also thankful to DST-FIST program (2003–2008) for providing the laboratory facilities in the Department of Zoology. We sincerely thank the AIIMS New Delhi for Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility for Electron Microscopy and for Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy the Advanced Instrumentation Research Facility (AIRF) JNU New Delhi. G. Singh is indebted to DST-SERB, New Delhi, for the award of Fast Track Young Scientist project (SR/FT/LS-01/2012), to conducts this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental and Advanced Parasitology and Vector Control Biotechnology, Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, 282005, India

    Gavendra Singh & Soam Prakash

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  1. Gavendra Singh
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  2. Soam Prakash
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Correspondence to Gavendra Singh.

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Singh, G., Prakash, S. Virulency of novel nanolarvicide from Trichoderma atroviride against Aedes aegypti (Linn.): a CLSM analysis. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 12559–12565 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4531-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4531-6

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