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Performance Analysis of Multiport Antennas in Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication Channels

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Abstract

A holistic performance analysis and classification of multiport antennas (MPAs) is conducted in this paper. We focus on 5.9 GHz vehicle-to-vehicle communications suited to the emerging technology of intelligent transportation systems. Three-dimensional (3-D) uniform/isotropic, directional, and omnidirectional propagation scenarios are considered to account for any wireless environment. The presented analysis can be adapted to any MPA with an arbitrary number of ports, operating in any frequency band, or used in other emerging technologies such as in 5G and beyond 5G communications. On top of the classical key performance metrics (KPMs) in communication theory, i.e., the diversity antenna gain (DAG) and channel capacity (CC), we employ for the first time the energy efficiency as one more KPM capable to characterize performance and classify MPAs, particularly when DAG and CC fail to do so. Computation of the aforementioned KPMs departs from a covariance matrix formulation incorporating all intrinsic features that affect MPA performance, namely, MPA radiation characteristics, MPA termination conditions, and wireless propagation channel attributes. Accordingly, we derive the ideal form of the covariance matrix under the standardized and widely adopted 3-D uniform/isotropic wireless propagation scenario. A good MPA design should be one with a covariance matrix as close as possible to this ideal one. The adopted performance analysis methodology can thus inform the design of optimum MPAs and accordingly, we designed a proof-of-concept box-shaped MPA which shows outstanding performance across all propagation scenarios. It would be wise to conduct similar performance analyses as in this paper before releasing an MPA design.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) under grant EP/R027641/1: Bandwidth and Energy Efficient Compact Multi-Antenna Systems for Connected Autonomous Vehicles.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Avery Dennison UK Ltd., Chelmsford, UK

    Abed Pour Sohrab

  2. James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK

    Yingke Huang

  3. School of Computing, Engineering and the Built Environment, Edinburgh Napier University, Scotland, UK

    Petros Karadimas

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  1. Abed Pour Sohrab
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  3. Petros Karadimas
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Abed Pour Sohrab.

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The original version of this article was revised: In the sentence beginning 'We adopt the diversity antenna' in this article, the reference numbers '[6, 15]' should have read '[5, 6, 15]'. In the sentence beginning 'The arrangement that is used in this paper' a reference number was missing: '[, Fig. 7b]' should have read '[31, Fig. 7b]'. In Eq. (12), second line, WH before the equal sign should have been placed at the first line just after the bracket. The original article has been corrected.

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Pour Sohrab, A., Huang, Y. & Karadimas, P. Performance Analysis of Multiport Antennas in Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication Channels. Wireless Pers Commun 134, 1231–1257 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-024-10875-0

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