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Broadband, high gain 2  × 2 spiral shaped resonator based and graphene assisted terahertz MIMO antenna for biomedical and WBAN communication

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Abstract

Investigators are looking at radio frequency ranges that may suit cellular data consumers' growing requirements. Terahertz's ( THz) frequency range is vital for high-speed data communication in wireless gadgets and has indignant the interest of researchers. A novel spiral-shaped patch and diffracted ground-based MIMO antenna structure are presented. The overall dimensions of the structure are 600 µm by 800 µm. The polyamide material is used as a substrate. The analysis among 1  × 1, 1  × 2, 2  × 1 and 2  × 2 MIMO antenna structures are carried out. Performance in reflectance response, Bandwidth, gain, radiation pattern and directivity are analyzed. The proposed structure provides the multiband response with a minimum reflectance response of − 30.51 dB, a bandwidth of 10 THz, peak isolation of 36.99 dB, a maximum normalized directivity of 1030 and a peak gain of 39 dB. ECC TARC, CCL and D.G. were considered for the performance observation. A comparison of the presented structure with other articles is included in the manuscript. The proposed work suits biomedical imaging, short-distance communication, healthcare and WBAN applications.

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Acknowledgements

This work was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Jouf University under Grant Number (DSR2022-RG-0110).

Funding

This work was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Jouf University under Grant Number (DSR2022-RG-0110).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jouf University, 72388, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia

    Ayman A. Althuwayb, Nasr Rashid, Khaled Kaaniche, Ahmed Ben Atitallah & Osama I. Elhamrawy

  2. Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Parul Institute of Engineering and Technology, Parul University, Waghodia Road, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391 760, India

    Vishal Sorathiya

  3. Department of Information and Communication Technology, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India

    Sunil Lavadiya

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  1. Ayman A. Althuwayb
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Contributions

A.A.A and V.S. have conceived the project, gathered all the supportive information and supervised the overall project. N.R., K.K., A.B.A, O.I.E and S.L. have designed the structure that generates the results. All have contributed equally to writing the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ayman A. Althuwayb.

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Althuwayb, A.A., Rashid, N., Kaaniche, K. et al. Broadband, high gain 2  × 2 spiral shaped resonator based and graphene assisted terahertz MIMO antenna for biomedical and WBAN communication. Wireless Netw 30, 495–515 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-023-03494-3

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