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Mutagenesis, screening and isolation of Brettanomyces bruxellensis mutants with reduced 4-ethylphenol production

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Abstract

The use of non-conventional yeast species to obtain interesting flavors and aromas has become a new trend in the fermented beverages industry. Among such species, Brettanomyces bruxellensis (B. bruxellensis) has been reported as capable of producing desirable or at least singular aromas in fermented beverages like beer and wine. However, this yeast can also produce an aromatic defect by producing high concentrations of phenolic compounds like, 4-ethylguaiacol and particularly 4-ethylphenol (4-EP). In the present study, we designed a mutant screening method to isolate B. bruxellensis mutants with reduced 4-EP production. More than 1000 mutants were screened with our olfactory screening method, and after further sensory and chemical analysis we were able to select a B. bruxellensis mutant strain with a significant reduction of 4-EP production (more than threefold) and less phenolic perception. Notably, the selected strain also showed higher diversity and concentration of ethyl esters, the most important group of odor active compounds produced by yeasts. Based on these results, we consider that our selected mutant strain is a good candidate to be tested as a non-conventional yeast starter (pure or in co-inoculation) to obtain wines and beers with novel aromatic properties.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. M.E. Sturm for her valuable advice in handling B. bruxellensis wild strains.

Funding

This worked was supported by a PNBIO-1131023 project of Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) and a PICT 2008-206 project of the Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (FonCyT) Argentina.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), San Martín 3853, 5507, Luján de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina

    Izmari Jasel Álvarez Gaona, Mariela Vanesa Assof, Viviana Patricia Jofré, Mariana Combina & Iván Francisco Ciklic

  2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas. Godoy Cruz, 2290, C1425FQB, CABA, Argentina

    Mariana Combina

  3. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina Santa María de Los Buenos Aires, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1300, C1107AAZ, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Izmari Jasel Álvarez Gaona

  4. Laboratorio de Biotecnología, EEA INTA, Mendoza San Martín 3853, Luján de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina

    Iván Francisco Ciklic

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  1. Izmari Jasel Álvarez Gaona
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  2. Mariela Vanesa Assof
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  3. Viviana Patricia Jofré
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  4. Mariana Combina
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  5. Iván Francisco Ciklic
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Contributions

IJÁG participated in the design and coordination of the study, performed the experiments and interpreted the data. MVA performed the experiments and participated in data analysis. VPJ contributed to experiment design and data analysis. MC participated in data interpretation and analysis, and helped to draft the manuscript. IFC conceived of the study, participated in its design and coordination, interpreted the data, and drafted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Iván Francisco Ciklic.

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Álvarez Gaona, I.J., Assof, M.V., Jofré, V.P. et al. Mutagenesis, screening and isolation of Brettanomyces bruxellensis mutants with reduced 4-ethylphenol production. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 37, 6 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-020-02981-5

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