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Decolorization and biodegradation of reactive Red 198 Azo dye by a new Enterococcus faecalis–Klebsiella variicola bacterial consortium isolated from textile wastewater sludge

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Abstract

The present study investigated biodegradation and removal of Reactive Red 198 (RR198) dye from aqueous environments using a new bacterial consortium isolated from textile wastewater sludge on laboratory scale via batch study. Two bacterial species, Enterococcus faecalis (EF) and Klebsiella variicola (KV), were identified after isolation, through biochemical assays, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. To determine their ability to biodegrade RR198 dye, physicochemical parameters, including bacterial concentration, time, pH, and temperature, were tested; the results showed that the best conditions included a bacterial concentration of 3.5 mL × 105 cells/mL and incubation time of 72 h. Under such conditions, the removal efficiency of RR198 dye at an initial concentration of 10–25 mg/L was more than 98%; however, for concentrations of 50, 75, and 100 mg/L, removal efficiency was reduced to 55.62%, 25.82%, and 15.42%, respectively (p = 0.005). The highest removal efficiency occurred at pH 8.0, reaching 99.26% after 72 h of incubation. With increasing the incubation temperature from 25 °C to 37 °C, removal efficiency increased from 71.71 to 99.26% after 72 h of incubation, and increasing the temperature from 37 to 45 °C, the removal efficiency was reduced (p ≤ 0.001). Therefore, the EF–KV bacterial consortium can be used for efficient removal of RR198 dye from textile effluent.

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Abbreviations

RR198:

Reactive red 198

EF :

Enterococcus faecalis

KV :

Klebsiella variicola

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

TSB:

Tryptic soy broth

SDS:

Sodium dodecyl sulfate

PBS:

Phosphate buffered saline

ANOVA:

One-way analysis of variance

BC:

Bacterial concentration

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Acknowledgements

The present study is the outcome of a research project (Code: 5165) sponsored by the Environmental Science and Technology Research Center of the School of Public Health at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. The authors acknowledge and thank the research center for its generous support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran

    Hadi Eslami

  2. Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

    Hadi Eslami, Ahmad Shariatifar, Ebrahim Rafiee, Mahboubeh Shiranian, Faezeh Salehi & Ali Asghar Ebrahimi

  3. Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, Department of Microbiology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

    Saeede Sadat Hosseini & Gilda Eslami

  4. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran

    Reza Ghanbari

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  1. Hadi Eslami
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  2. Ahmad Shariatifar
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  3. Ebrahim Rafiee
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Correspondence to Ali Asghar Ebrahimi.

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The ethical approval conducted in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran with code IR.SSU.SPH.REC.1395.119.

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Eslami, H., Shariatifar, A., Rafiee, E. et al. Decolorization and biodegradation of reactive Red 198 Azo dye by a new Enterococcus faecalis–Klebsiella variicola bacterial consortium isolated from textile wastewater sludge. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 35, 38 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-019-2608-y

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