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Short-term Laboratory Adsorption of Zinc and Cadmium Ions from Aqueous Solutions to Ground Canna indica Roots

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Abstract

The current work presents the competitive removal of zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) ions by adsorption using the roots of the Canna indica plant in order to study the metal-plant interactions at the microscopic scale that occur in constructed wetlands and phytoremediation processes. The sorption process was described in association with the data generated from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Kinetic variables and constants were calculated, optimized, and analyzed. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided the best fit to the experimental data and the sorption equilibrium was achieved in nearly 300 min. The equilibrium isotherms of zinc and cadmium were described using the nonlinear models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips, and their multi-component equivalents. The dimensionless separation factor (RL) showed that the adsorption system in this study is favorable. The Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacities were 71.20 and 298.6 μg g−1 for Zn2+ and Cd2+ respectively. The parameters of the metal adsorption isotherm fitted better to the extended Freundlich isotherm. This study reveals the association between surface properties and the biosorption capacity of heavy metals by plant roots on the one hand and the implication of the ion exchange mechanism through chemisorption on the uptake of Zn2+ and Cd2+ ions from aqueous solution by this adsorbent on the other hand.

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Data Availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank their colleagues and the technical staff at the Laboratory of Hydrocarbons Technology, and the Laboratory of Treatment and Forming of Fibrous Polymers for their invaluable assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Hydrocarbons and Chemistry, University Mhamed Bougara Boumerdes, Boumerdes, Algeria

    K. Ghezali & N. Guettaf

  2. Faculty of Engineering, Vasile Alexandri, University of Bacau, Bacau, Romania

    K. Ghezali, V. Nedeff, E. Mosnegutu & N. Barsan

  3. Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences de la Mer et de l’Aménagement du Littoral, Campus Universitaire de Dely Brahim, Bois des Cars, 16320, Algiers, Algeria

    K. Ghezali

  4. Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Research Unity of Applied Chemistry and Environment, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia

    M. Abdelwaheb

  5. Gheorghe Ionescu Sisesti, Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Bucharest, Romania

    V. Nedeff

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  1. K. Ghezali
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  2. M. Abdelwaheb
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Ghezali, K., Abdelwaheb, M., Nedeff, V. et al. Short-term Laboratory Adsorption of Zinc and Cadmium Ions from Aqueous Solutions to Ground Canna indica Roots. Water Air Soil Pollut 234, 729 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06740-8

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