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Effects of Heavy Metal-Polluted Soil (Pb, Zn, and Cd) on Seed Emergence, Seedling Growth, and Antioxidant Activity in Four Fabaceae Species

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Abstract

Mine tailings can contaminate large areas of neighboring agricultural lands due to the dispersion of heavy metals, which may lead to reduction in soil fertility and toxicity in crops. The use of Fabaceae species as green manure to amend the soil and enhance the removal of heavy metals is a promising research approach. As part of a phytoremediation project for abandoned mining sites combining woody species and agricultural crops, this study aims to identify the most suitable species to be used. Thus, four Fabaceae species (Vicia faba, Cicer arietinum, Lens culinaris, and Medicago arborea) were subjected to muti-metal-contaminated soil containing high concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Cd and to control soil for 15 days. Then, the emergence rate, growth parameters, lipid peroxidation, proline and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentrations, antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX)), and heavy metals accumulation were evaluated. Results showed that V. faba was the most tolerant. A relative sensitivity at the germination stage was recorded for all species with the exception of V. faba. Metallic stress had no significant effect on thiobarbituric acid reactive susbtances (TBARS) and electrolyte leakage rates for both C. arietinum and V. faba. The latter also showed the highest proline concentration and relatively low antioxidant enzyme activities. All species showed high Pb, Zn, and Cd root contents. V. faba had the lowest translocation factors of Pb and Zn and the lowest bioaccumulation factors of Zn and Cd, which underline its phytostabilizing potential and support its use as green manure for heavy metals contaminated soils amendement and rehabilitation.

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Data Availability

Data are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request (zoubeir.bejaoui@fsb.ucar.tn).

This article does not contain any studies with human subjects or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Pr. Noura Ben Youssef, head of the Laboratory of Field Crops at the National Institute of Agronomic Research of Tunisia (INRAT), for providing the seeds used in this study. We also thank Salima Bahri, engineer in statistics and information analysis in INRGREF, for performing the statistical analyses. We are greatful to the nursery staff of INGRREF for their help during the collection of soil samples.

Funding

This research was supported by the University of Carthage and the National Institue of Research in Rural Engineering, Water and Forests (INRGREF), Tunisia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia

    Chadlia Hachani & Zoubeir Béjaoui

  2. Laboratory of Forest Ecology (LR11INRGREF03), National Institute of Research in Rural Engineering, Water and Forests (INRGREF), University of Carthage, Hédi Elkarray Street, Elmenzah IV, BP 10, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia

    Chadlia Hachani, Mejda Abassi & Zoubeir Béjaoui

  3. Center for Forest Studies, Faculty of Forestry, Geography and Geomatics, Abitibi Price Building, Laval University, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada

    Mohammed S. Lamhamedi

  4. Laboratory of Resources, Materials and Ecosystems, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021, Jarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia

    Noomene Sleimi

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  1. Chadlia Hachani
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  2. Mohammed S. Lamhamedi
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Correspondence to Zoubeir Béjaoui.

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Hachani, C., Lamhamedi, M.S., Abassi, M. et al. Effects of Heavy Metal-Polluted Soil (Pb, Zn, and Cd) on Seed Emergence, Seedling Growth, and Antioxidant Activity in Four Fabaceae Species. Water Air Soil Pollut 233, 263 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-022-05725-3

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