Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Structural Characteristics and Functional Properties of Corncob Modified by Hyperbranched Polyamide for the Adsorption of Cr (VI)

  • Published:
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Corncob is a kind of agricultural waste, mainly composed of cellulose and hemicellulose. In this study, anion adsorbent hyperbranched polyamide-modified corncob was synthesized by glutaraldehyde cross-linking, which has abundant terminal groups. Then, the effect of modification conditions for the adsorption of Cr (VI) onto modified material was studied. The structural characteristics and the functional properties of modified corncob (HPMC) were revealed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Experimental results show that the optimum modification conditions were as follows: oxidized corncob 1 g, glutaraldehyde 2.5 mL, hyperbranched polyamide 10 mL, and a reaction time of 4 h under 60 °C. The effect of reaction temperature (factor C) on the removal rate of HPMC for Cr (VI) was the largest and GA dosage was the least. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of modified corncob for Cr (VI) was 47.8 mg/g (pH = 2, initial Cr (VI) concentration 100 mg/L, dosage 2 g/L, 4.0 h). The content of functional groups (-NH2) on the surface of modified materials was obviously increased, the surface became rougher, and the thermal stability was improved. The adsorption mechanism was mainly electrostatic gravitation and oxidation-reduction reaction between HPMC and Cr (VI).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Kulkarni, P. S., et al. (2017). 1,5 diphenyl carbazide immobilized cross-linked chitosan films: an integrated approach towards enhanced removal of Cr (VI). Journal of Molecular Liquids., 247(2017), 254–261.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Băran, A., et al. (2017). Peculiarities of linear and hyperbranched polyglycidols in water and aqueous surfactant solutions. European Polymer Journal., 94(2017), 162–172.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caminade, A. M., Yan, D., & Smith, D. K. (2015). Dendrimers and hyperbranched polymers. Chemical Society Reviews., 44(2015), 3870–3873.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cao, W., et al. (2014). Sorption kinetics of sulphate ions on quaternary ammonium-modified rice straw. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry., 20(2014), 2603–2609.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cao, W., et al. (2016). 13C NMR and XPS characterization of anion adsorbent with quaternary ammonium groups prepared from rice straw, corn stalk and sugarcane bagasse. Applied Surface Science., 389(2016), 404–410.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, G., et al. (2017). Photocatalytic removal of hexavalent chromium by newly designed and highly reductive TiO2 nanocrystals. Water Research, 108(2017), 383–390.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Demiral, H., & Güngör, C. (2016). Adsorption of copper(II) from aqueous solutions on activated carbon prepared from grape bagasse. Journal of Cleaner Production., 124(2016), 103–113.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Demircan, D., & Zhang, B. Z. (2017). Facile synthesis of novel soluble cellulose-grafted hyperbranched polymers as potential natural antimicrobial materials. Carbohydrate Polymers., 157(2017), 1913–1921.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • El-Sayed, S. A., & Mostafa, M. E. (2014). Pyrolysis characteristics and kinetic parameters determination of biomass fuel powders by differential thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG). Energy Conversion and Management., 85(2014), 165–172.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gaikwad, M. S., et al. (2017). Tea waste biomass activated carbon electrode for simultaneous removal of Cr (VI) and fluoride by capacitive deionization. Chemosphere, 184(2017), 1141–1149.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ge, H. C., & Ma, Z. W. (2015). Microwave preparation of triethylenetetramine modified grapheneoxide/chitosan composite for adsorption of Cr (VI). Carbohydrate Polymers., 131(2015), 280–287.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gheju, M., Balcu, I., & Jurchescu, P. (2016). Removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions by use of chemically modified sour cherry stones. Desalination and Water Treatment., 57(2016), 10776–10789.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Giussi, J. M., et al. (2016). Synthesis, characterization and dielectric relaxation study of hyperbranched polymers with different molecular architecture. Polymer, 100(2016), 227–237.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gong, Y., et al. (2017). Reduction of Cr (VI) in simulated groundwater by FeS-coated iron magnetic nanoparticles. Science of The Total Environment., 595(2017), 743–751.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hong, G. B., & Wang, Y. K. (2017). Synthesis of low-cost adsorbent from rice bran for the removal of reactive dye based on the response surface methodology. Applied Surface Science., 423(2017), 800–809.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jeguirim, M., et al. (2014). Thermal characterization and pyrolysis kinetics of tropical biomass feedstocks for energy recovery. Energy for Sustainable Development., 23(2014), 188–193.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jiang, Y., et al. (2015). Synthesis of a novel ionic liquid modified copolymer hydrogel and its rapid removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solution. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science., 455(2015), 125–133.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, U. J., et al. (2000). Periodate oxidation of crystalline cellulose. Biomacromolecules, 1, 488–492.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, H. R., Jang, J. W., & Park, J. W. (2016). Carboxymethyl chitosan-modified magnetic-cored dendrimer as an amphoteric adsorbent. Journal of Hazardous Materials., 317(2016), 608–616.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar, U., et al. (2017). Cleaner production of iron by using waste macadamia biomass as a carbon resource. Journal of Cleaner Production., 158(2017), 218–224.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, Z. X., et al. (2015). Alkaline pretreatment and the synergic effect of water and tetralin enhances the liquefaction efficiency of bagasse. Bioresource Technology., 177(2015), 159–168.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, H. F., et al. (2017). Hybrid triazolium and ammonium ions-contained hyperbranched polymer with enhanced ionic conductivity. Polymer, 112(2017), 297–305.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liang, S., et al. (2017). Controlling the selective and directional migration of hepatocytes by a complementary density gradient of glycosylated hyperbranched polymers and poly (ethylene glycol) molecules. Acta Biomaterialia, 56(2017), 161–170.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lima, A. C. A. D., et al. (2012). Modified coconut shell fibers: a green and economical sorbent for the removal of anions from aqueous solutions. Chemical Engineering Journal., 185(2012), 274–284.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, H., et al. (2017). The surface characteristics of hyperbranched polyamide modified corncob and its adsorption property for Cr (VI). Applied Surface Science., 412(2017), 152–159.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ma, H., et al. (2015). Novel synthesis of a versatile magnetic adsorbent derived from corncob for dye removal. Bioresource Technology., 190(2015), 13–20.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maity, J., & Ray, S. K. (2016). Enhanced adsorption of Cr (VI) from water by guar gum based composite hydrogels. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules., 89(2016), 246–255.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maksin, D. D., et al. (2012). Equilibrium and kinetics study on hexavalent chromium adsorption onto diethylene triamine grafted glycidyl methacrylate based copolymers. Journal of Hazardous Materials., 210(2012), 99–110.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Obregón-Valencia, D., & Sun-Kou, M. D. R. (2014). Comparative cadmium adsorption study on activated carbon prepared from aguaje (Mauritia flexuosa) and olive fruit stones (Olea europaea L.) Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering., 2(2014), 2280–2288.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ozdes, D., et al. (2009). Removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution by a waste mud from copper mine industry: equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic study. Journal of Hazardous Materials., 166(2009), 1480–1487.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Podder, M. S., & Majumder, C. B. (2016). Study of the kinetics of arsenic removal from wastewater using Bacillus arsenicus biofilms supported on a neem leaves/MnFe2O4 composite. Ecological Engineering., 88(2016), 195–216.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • RAJI, C., & ANIRUDHAN, T. S. (1998). Batch Cr (VI) removal by polyacrylamide-grafted sawdust: kinetics and thermodynamics. Water Research, 32(1998), 3772–3780.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramrakhiani, L., Ghosh, S., & Majumdar, S. (2016). Surface modification of naturally available biomass for enhancement of heavy metal removal efficiency, upscaling prospects, and management aspects of spent biosorbents: a review. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 180(2016), 41–78.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ren, Z. F., et al. (2016). FTIR, Raman, and XPS analysis during phosphate, nitrate and Cr (VI) removal by amine cross-linking biosorbent. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science., 468(2016), 313–323.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saka, C. (2012). BET, TG–DTG, FT-IR, SEM, iodine number analysis and preparation of activated carbon from acorn shell by chemical activation with ZnCl2. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis., 95(2012), 21–24.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sewu, D. D., Boakye, P., & Woo, S. H. (2017). Highly efficient adsorption of cationic dye by biochar produced with Korean cabbage waste. Bioresource Technology., 224(2017), 206–213.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, B., et al. (2014). NEXAFS and XPS characterization of carbon functional groups of fresh and aged biochar. Organic Geochemistry., 77(2014), 1–10.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sun, X. T., et al. (2014). Amino-functionalized magnetic cellulose nanocomposite as adsorbent for removal of Cr (VI): synthesis and adsorption studies. Chemical Engineering Journal., 241(2014), 175–183.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tang, Y. P., et al. (2016). Synthesis of hyperbranched polymers towards efficient boron reclamation via a hybrid ultrafiltration process. Journal of Membrane Science., 510(2016), 112–121.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vicini, S., et al. (2004). Thermal analysis and characterisation of cellulose oxidised with sodium methaperiodate. Thermochimica Acta., 418, 123–130.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, H. B., Jin, Y., & Luo, G. Y. (2010). Parametric optimization of EQ6110HEV hybrid electric bus based on orthogonal experiment design. International Journal of Automotive Technology, 11(2010), 119–125.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, J., Zhang, K. K., & Zhao, L. (2014). Sono-assisted synthesis of nanostructured polyaniline for adsorption of aqueous Cr (VI): effect of protonic acids. Chemical Engineering Journal., 239(2014), 123–131.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, D. L., et al. (2017a). Synthesis and applications of stimuli-responsive hyperbranched polymers. Progress in Polymer Science., 64(2017), 114–153.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, W., et al. (2017b). A novel poly(m-phenylenediamine)/reduced graphene oxide/nickel ferrite magnetic adsorbent with excellent removal ability of dyes and Cr (VI). Journal of Alloys and Compounds., 722(2017), 532–543.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xu, Q. H., et al. (2017). Adsorption of Cu (II), Pb (II) and Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions using black wattle tannin-immobilized nanocellulose. Journal of Hazardous Materials., 339(2017), 91–99.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, Y., et al. (2017). Transport of anionic azo dyes from aqueous solution to gemini surfactant-modified wheat bran: synchrotron infrared, molecular interaction and adsorption studies. Science of The Total Environment., 595(2017), 723–732.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, B., et al. (2017). Surface characteristics and potential ecological risk evaluation of heavy metals in the bio-char produced by co-pyrolysis from municipal sewage sludge and hazelnut shell with zinc chloride. Bioresource Technology., 243(2017), 375–383.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This research was supported by the National Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment of China (2015ZX07205-003) and Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants in the University of Science and Technology Beijing.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China

    Hai Lin, Shaoke Han, Yingbo Dong & Yinhai He

  2. Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, 100083, China

    Hai Lin, Shaoke Han, Yingbo Dong & Yinhai He

  3. Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, 59 Beiyingfang Middle Street, Beijing, 100037, China

    Wencui Ling

Authors
  1. Hai Lin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Shaoke Han
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yingbo Dong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Wencui Ling
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Yinhai He
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Hai Lin, Shaoke Han or Wencui Ling.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Lin, H., Han, S., Dong, Y. et al. Structural Characteristics and Functional Properties of Corncob Modified by Hyperbranched Polyamide for the Adsorption of Cr (VI). Water Air Soil Pollut 229, 117 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-018-3764-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-018-3764-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation