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Molecular characterization of new emerging sub-genotype VIIh Newcastle disease viruses in China

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Abstract

Newcastle disease (ND) has been enzootic in China for several decades since the first recognition of the disease in 1946 in China. Continuous surveillance revealed that the sub-genotype VIId Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has been predominantly responsible for most of ND outbreak in China in recent years. But in the present study, three virulent NDVs isolated from poultry in southern China were classified as sub-genotype VIIh, which is highly related to the viruses circulating in some Southeast Asia countries. Continuous isolation of genotype VIIh NDV strains in the region suggests its panzootic potential. This is the first report of the sub-genotype VIIh NDVs in domestic poultry in China. The complete genome length of the three isolates was 15,192 nucleotides, and the motif at the cleavage site of F protein was 112RRRRR/F117 or 112RRRKR/F117, which was typical of virulent NDV. Phylogenetic analysis based on the F gene revealed that the three viruses had close relationship with the sub-genotype VIIh virus isolated from wild bird in 2011 in China. These viruses might have formed a stable lineage in poultry during 2012–2016 and have the potential to cause enzootic in China. Our study revealed the genetic and phylogenetic characteristics of the three sub-genotype VIIh isolates, which could help us to better understand the epidemiological context of these viruses.

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Funding

This study was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFD0500800) and the Chinese Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201303033).

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Author notes

  1. Hualei Liu, Jingjing Wang, and Shengqiang Ge have contributed equally to this paper.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. OIE Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032, China

    Hualei Liu, Jingjing Wang, Shengqiang Ge, Yan Lv, Dongxia Zheng, Yunling Zhao & Zhiliang Wang

  2. OIE Collaborating Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032, China

    Yin Li

  3. Emergency Centre for Trans-boundary Animal Diseases, FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok, 10200, Thailand

    David Castellan

Authors
  1. Hualei Liu
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  2. Jingjing Wang
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  3. Shengqiang Ge
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  4. Yan Lv
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  5. Yin Li
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  6. Dongxia Zheng
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  7. Yunling Zhao
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  8. David Castellan
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  9. Zhiliang Wang
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Hualei Liu or Zhiliang Wang.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures involving animals were approved by the Animal Welfare Committee of China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center (Permit Number: 2014-CAHECAW-06), and conducted according to the guidelines of animal welfare of World Organization for Animal Health.

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Edited by Dr. Keizo Tomonaga.

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Liu, H., Wang, J., Ge, S. et al. Molecular characterization of new emerging sub-genotype VIIh Newcastle disease viruses in China. Virus Genes 55, 314–321 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-019-01651-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-019-01651-5

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