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Nutrient intake, productive and metabolic parameters of Nellore bulls feed a forage free diet using cottonseed cake as a fiber source

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Abstract

We hypothesized that cottonseed cake in confined Nellore young bulls’ diet as fiber source, could maintain or improve the nutrient intake, and productive and metabolic parameters. It was evaluated the total replacement of whole plant corn silage (WPCS) by cottonseed cake (CSC) as a source of fiber in the diet. A completely randomized design with two treatments and 12 replications was used. The treatments were two experimental diets containing 300 g/kg of WPCS or CSC as roughage. All animals at 0, 15, 30, 60 and 112 days were weighed to monitor productive performance and nutrient intake. Dry matter intakes, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, physically effective neutral detergent fiber, crude protein and non-fiber carbohydrates of the WPCS treatment cattle were higher (p < 0.05), and the ethereal extract intake of cattle fed CSC diet was higher. The BW of cattle fed WPCS was higher in the two initial periods of confinement (p < 0.05). Animals from both treatments showed linear growth during the confinement period. There was a fiber source × period interaction for total weight gain (TWG), average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (FE) (p < 0.05), with the lowest in the first 15 days and the highest at 30 days, reflecting a compensatory gain in animals fed with CSC. Bulls fed with CSC showed negative TWG and ADG in the first period (p < 0.05), but recovered in the following periods, surpassing that of the SC treatment in the last two periods. There was negative EF of bulls fed with CSC in the first period (P < 0.05), but in the following periods the CSC diet did not differ from the WPCS diet. The animals fed CSC diet showed a higher concentration of cholesterol and glucose in the blood plasma (p < 0.05). The forage-free diet containing cottonseed cake as a source of fiber replacing corn silage promoted better animal performance.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the Universidade Federal de MatoGrosso do Sul, the ConselhoNacional de DesenvolvimentoCientífico e Tecnológico (CNPq), and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES, Financing Code 001).

Funding

This research was funded by the grant number: 001 [Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education.

Personnel-Brazil (CAPES)]; National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, EPAMIG Oeste, Uberaba, Brazil

    Angelo Herbet Moreira Arcanjo

  2. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Universidade Federal Do Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande-MS, 79070-900, Brazil

    Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo, Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo, Alexandre Menezes Dias, Gelson dos Santos Difante, Vanessa Zirondi Longhini, Camila Soares Cunha, Eduardo de Assis Lima, Juliana Caroline Santos Santana & Manoel Gustavo Paranhos da Silva

  3. Departamentode Zootecnia, Universidade Federal Do Piauí, Bom Jesus, Brazil

    Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel

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Contributions

Angelo Herbet Moreira Arcanjo, Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo and Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo conceived and designed research; wrote the manuscript. Angelo Herbet Moreira Arcanjo, Alexandre Menezes Dias, Gelson dos Santos Difante, Vanessa Zirondi Longhini, Camila Soares Cunha, and Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel data analysis and discussion of results, reviewed the manuscript. Angelo Herbet Moreira Arcanjo, Eduardo de Assis Lima, Juliana Caroline Santos Santana, and Manoel Gustavo Paranhos da Silva conducted experiment, laboratorial analysis and collection of samples. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo.

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This study was conducted in strict accordance with the recommendations of the Guide for the National Council for the Control of Animal Experiments. The experimental protocol of research was approved by the Ethics Committee on Animal Use of Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (Protocol 1.181/2021).

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Arcanjo, A.H.M., Ítavo, L.C.V., Ítavo, C.C.B.F. et al. Nutrient intake, productive and metabolic parameters of Nellore bulls feed a forage free diet using cottonseed cake as a fiber source. Trop Anim Health Prod 56, 55 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-024-03906-2

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