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Determination of the prevalence of trypanosome species in cattle from Monduli district, northern Tanzania, by loop mediated isothermal amplification

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Abstract

Bovine African trypanosomosis (BAT) remains one of the major vector-borne diseases with serious impediment to cattle production and economic advancement in sub-Saharan Africa. The present study evaluated the performance of the trypanosome-species-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), using parasite DNA obtained from 295 indigenous Tanzanian short horn Zebu (TSHZ) and Boran crosses in Monduli district within northern Tanzania, against routine microscopy on Giemsa-stained blood films. Compared to parasitological data in which the prevalence of BAT was estimated at 2.4 % (95 % CI 0.7–4.1 %), LAMP increased the prevalence to 27.8 % (95 % CI 22.3–32.5 %), of which 11.9 % (95 % CI 8.2–15.6 %) were monolytic infections with Trypanosoma vivax, while 13.6 % (95 % CI 9.7–17.5 %) were coinfections of either T. vivax and Trypanosoma brucei subspecies or T. vivax and Trypanosoma congolense, respectively. Among the T. brucei subspecies detected, 0.7 % (95 % CI 0–1.7 %) were human-infective Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. Our study is in concordance with previous reports and suggests that LAMP is a potential tool for routine diagnosis of trypanosomes in domestic animals in BAT endemic regions. According to LAMP, T. vivax seems to be the predominant trypanosome species circulating among the indigenous Monduli cattle. Importantly, the detection of T. b. rhodesiense in cattle in such wildlife-domestic-animal-human-interface areas poses a risk of contracting human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) by local communities and tourists. Continuous trypanosome surveillances in domestic animals, humans, and tsetse flies using sensitive and specific tests such as LAMP are recommended.

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Acknowledgments

This study received financial support from the Southern Africa Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance (SACIDS). The authors would also like to thank the Monduli farmers, the Department of Livestock and Fisheries in Monduli district council, the technical staff at Tanzania veterinary laboratory agency (TVLA) Arusha center, and the University of Zambia, School of Veterinary Medicine, for their assistance and support.

Ethical considerations

Approval and clearance for the study was obtained from the Regional and District veterinary authorities. Informed consent was sought from cattle owners to participate in the study and collect blood from their animals.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Economic and Productive Sectors, Region Commissioner’s Office, P.O. Box 3050, Arusha, Tanzania

    Isihaka Juma Haji

  2. Research Centre for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan

    Chihiro Sugimoto & Kiichi Kajino

  3. Tsetse & Trypanosomosis Research Institute, P.O. Box 1026, Tanga, Tanzania

    Imna Malele

  4. Department of Biomedical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia

    Humphrey Simukoko

  5. Department of Paraclinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia

    Harrison Chitambo & Boniface Namangala

Authors
  1. Isihaka Juma Haji
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  2. Chihiro Sugimoto
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  3. Kiichi Kajino
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  4. Imna Malele
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  5. Humphrey Simukoko
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  6. Harrison Chitambo
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  7. Boniface Namangala
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Boniface Namangala.

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Haji, I.J., Sugimoto, C., Kajino, K. et al. Determination of the prevalence of trypanosome species in cattle from Monduli district, northern Tanzania, by loop mediated isothermal amplification. Trop Anim Health Prod 47, 1139–1143 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-015-0840-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-015-0840-5

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