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Health-related quality of life in various health conditions: two consecutive surveys of older Japanese adults

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Abstract

Purpose

Measuring health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in various health conditions in different countries is important given the regional differences. This study employed large-scale nationwide data targeting older adults in Japan to estimate the HRQOL in the key health conditions that are the major causes of disability.

Methods

Our data were derived from two survey waves (2016 and 2019 surveys) of cross-sectional data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, an ongoing nationwide study targeting functionally independent older adults in Japan. A total of 28,345 individuals from 27 of the 47 Japanese provinces were analyzed. The EuroQoL 5-dimension 5-level instrument (EQ-5D-5L) was employed to assess the HRQOL utility scores. The targeted minimum loss-based estimator with sampling weighting methods was applied to estimate the utility score in eight major health conditions, including sensory organ disease, musculoskeletal disease, oral disorders, and depressive disorders.

Results

The estimated HRQOL utility score for those with the poorest health conditions in self-rated health, hearing loss, vision loss, number of remaining teeth (e.g., no teeth with no denture use), oral dysfunction, depressive symptoms, chronic low back pain, and chronic knee pain was 0.576 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.555–0.598), 0.768 (95% CI 0.737–0.800), 0.680 (95% CI 0.662–0.699), 0.809 (95% CI 0.796–0.821), 0.776 (95% CI 0.764–0.788), 0.723 (95% CI 0.710–0.737), 0.715 (95% CI 0.690–0.739), and 0.742 (95% CI 0.722–0.763), respectively.

Conclusion

We successfully provided a catalog for the HRQOL utility score in key health conditions that are the leading causes of disability among older adults.

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Data availability

Data is not suitable for public deposition due to ethical concerns. Data are from the JAGES study. Requests for data may be sent to the data management committee: dataadmin@jages.net.

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Funding

This study used data from JAGES (the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study). This study was supported by JSPS (Japan Society for the Promotion of Science) KAKENHI Grant Numbers (19K19818, 21K02001, 22K17648), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) (Grant Nos. JP18dk0110027, JP18ls0110002, JP18le0110009, JP20dk0110034, JP21lk0310073, JP21dk0110037, JP21dk0310108h0002), Open Innovation Platform with Enterprises, Research Institute and Academia (OPERA, JPMJOP1831) from the Japan Science and Technology (JST).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health Policy Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan

    Takaaki Ikeda & Masayasu Murakami

  2. Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan

    Takaaki Ikeda & Ken Osaka

  3. Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Japan

    Yoshimune Hiratsuka

  4. Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Kashiwa, Japan

    Natsuyo Yanagi & Katsunori Kondo

  5. Graduate School of Economics, Nagoya City University, Aichi, Japan

    Yasunori Komaki

  6. Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan

    Jun Aida

  7. Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan

    Katsunori Kondo

Authors
  1. Takaaki Ikeda
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  2. Yoshimune Hiratsuka
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  3. Natsuyo Yanagi
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  4. Yasunori Komaki
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  5. Masayasu Murakami
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  6. Jun Aida
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  7. Katsunori Kondo
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  8. Ken Osaka
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. TI, YH, NY, JA, KK, and KO: Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed. The first draft of the manuscript was written by TI and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Takaaki Ikeda.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the ethics committees at Tohoku University, and all participants provided informed consent.

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Ikeda, T., Hiratsuka, Y., Yanagi, N. et al. Health-related quality of life in various health conditions: two consecutive surveys of older Japanese adults. Qual Life Res 32, 1209–1219 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-022-03295-9

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