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Cold Plasma Treatment of Little Millet Flour: Impact on Bioactives, Antinutritional Factors and Functional Properties

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Abstract

This study delves into the transformative effects of atmospheric cold plasma (CP) treatment on little millet flour (LMF), specifically exploring alterations in bioactive compounds, antinutritional factors, and functional properties. Foaming and emulsification properties experienced noteworthy enhancements with plasma treatment, manifesting in significant increases in foaming capacity (up to 51.47 ± 0.49%), foaming stability, emulsification ability, and emulsion stability (up to 47.02 ± 0.35%). The treatment also positively influenced water absorption index and swelling power. Antinutritional factors, including tannins and saponins, exhibited substantial reductions following plasma treatment. Saponin content, for instance, decreased by an impressive 58% after exposure to 20 kV for 20 min. Conversely, bioactive compounds such as phenolic content and antioxidant activity saw significant increases. Total phenolic content (TPC) rose from 527.54 ± 8.94 to 575.82 ± 3.58 mg GAE/100 g, accompanied by a remarkable 59% boost in antioxidant activity. Interestingly, plasma treatment did not exhibit a discernible effect on pasting properties. These findings collectively underscore the potential of atmospheric CP treatment as a novel and effective method for enhancing the functional and nutritional attributes of LMF, thereby opening new avenues for its application in food science and technology.

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Data Availability

No datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.

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Acknowledgements

Funding was provided for this research by the SERB Core- Research Grant (File No.: CRG/2020/002551), DST, Government of India. Authors, Khalid and Misra are supported by Taif University Researchers Supporting Project (TURSP-HC2024/2), Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India

    Samuel Jaddu, Sibasish Sahoo, Shivani Sonkar, Madhuresh Dwivedi & Rama Chandra Pradhan

  2. Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia

    Khalid Alzahrani & NN Misra

Authors
  1. Samuel Jaddu
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  2. Sibasish Sahoo
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  3. Shivani Sonkar
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  4. Khalid Alzahrani
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  5. Madhuresh Dwivedi
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  6. NN Misra
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  7. Rama Chandra Pradhan
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Contributions

S.J.: Conceptualization, Methodology, Visualization, Investigation, Software, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft. S.S.: Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis S.S.: Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis K.A.: Supervision, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources. M.D.: Conceptualization, Supervision, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources. N.N.M.: Software, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing, Resources. R.C.P.: Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources. All authors contributed equally to this work, including design, conception, experimentation, writing of original draft and editing.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to NN Misra or Rama Chandra Pradhan.

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Conflict of Interest

NN is associated with Ingenium Naturae Pvt Ltd, the ODM/OEM of the CP equipment used.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Jaddu, S., Sahoo, S., Sonkar, S. et al. Cold Plasma Treatment of Little Millet Flour: Impact on Bioactives, Antinutritional Factors and Functional Properties. Plant Foods Hum Nutr (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01171-0

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