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Long-term light adaptation of light-harvesting and energy-transfer processes in the glaucophyte Cyanophora paradoxa under different light conditions

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Abstract

In response to fluctuation in light intensity and quality, oxygenic photosynthetic organisms modify their light-harvesting and excitation energy-transfer processes to maintain optimal photosynthetic activity. Glaucophytes, which are a group of primary symbiotic algae, possess light-harvesting antennas called phycobilisomes (PBSs) consistent with cyanobacteria and red algae. However, compared with cyanobacteria and red algae, glaucophytes are poorly studied and there are few reports on the regulation of photosynthesis in the group. In this study, we examined the long-term light adaptation of light-harvesting functions in a glaucophyte, Cyanophora paradoxa, grown under different light conditions. Compared with cells grown under white light, the relative number of PBSs to photosystems (PSs) increased in blue-light-grown cells and decreased in green-, yellow-, and red-light-grown cells. Moreover, the PBS number increased with increment in the monochromatic light intensity. More energy was transferred from PBSs to PSII than to PSI under blue light, whereas energy transfer from PBSs to PSII was reduced under green and yellow lights, and energy transfer from the PBSs to both PSs decreased under red light. Decoupling of PBSs was induced by intense green, yellow, and red lights. Energy transfer from PSII to PSI (spillover) was observed, but the contribution of the spillover did not distinctly change depending on the culture light intensity and quality. These results suggest that the glaucophyte C. paradoxa modifies the light-harvesting abilities of both PSs and excitation energy-transfer processes between the light-harvesting antennas and both PSs during long-term light adaption.

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Data availability

Data generated or analyzed during the current study are included in this published article and are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

APC:

Allophycocyanin

Car:

Carotenoid

Chl:

Chlorophyll

FDA:

Fluorescence decay-associated

LED:

Light-emitting diodes

LHC:

Light-harvesting chlorophyll-protein complex

PBS:

Phycobilisome

PC:

Phycocyanin

PE:

Phycoerythrin

PS:

Photosystem

RC:

Reaction center

TRF:

Time-resolved fluorescence

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Dr. Ryo Nagao (Shizuoka University) for his valuable advices about the cultivation. We thank Robert McKenzie, PhD, from Edanz (https://jp.edanz.com/ac), for editing a draft of this manuscript. This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP18J10095 (to Y.U.) and JP16H06553 (to S.A.).

Funding

This work was supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI (Grant Nos. JP18J10095, JP16H06553).

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  1. Yoshifumi Ueno

    Present address: Institute of Arts and Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan

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  1. Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan

    Yoshifumi Ueno & Seiji Akimoto

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  1. Yoshifumi Ueno
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YU and SA: conceived the project; YU: performed the measurements and analyzed the date; SA: supervised the experiments; YU and SA: wrote the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yoshifumi Ueno.

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Ueno, Y., Akimoto, S. Long-term light adaptation of light-harvesting and energy-transfer processes in the glaucophyte Cyanophora paradoxa under different light conditions. Photosynth Res 159, 165–175 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-023-01029-7

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