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The phenolic profile of pea (Pisum sativum): a phytochemical and pharmacological overview

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Abstract

Pisum sativum L., (Fabaceae), commonly known as dry, green or field pea, is one of the most popular and economically important legumes. It enjoys a worldwide culinary, folk, and medicinal reputation owing to its ubiquitous health-promoting nutrients, e.g. proteins, complex carbohydrates, and dietary fibres, along with a myriad of valuable phytochemicals, mostly phenolics, terpenoids, and nitrogenous compounds. Long ago, the phytochemical composition of pea plants has received considerable interest, and a vast array of phenolic principles, including flavonoids, isoflavonoids, phenolic acids, as well as other minor phenolics and phytoalexins have been characterized. The contribution of these valued metabolites to the biological potential and health outcomes of pea has also been recently approached. Therefore, this review provides a critical overview of the current phytopharmacological knowledge regarding the phenolic profile of pea, highlighting the current gaps and future research perspectives, in order to best appreciate its beneficial consumption and possible contribution to the pharmaceutical field.

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Abbreviations

ABTS:

2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)

ALT:

Alanine transaminase

AST:

Aspartate transaminase

DPPH:

1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl

FRAP:

Ferric reducing antioxidant power

Gal:

β-D-galactopyranose

Glc:

β-D-glucopyranose

GPX:

Guaiacol peroxidase activity

HPLC:

High performance liquid chromatography

HPLC–DAD-ESI-MS:

High performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector- electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry

IC50 :

Inhibitory concentration 50%

LC-ESI-MS:

Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry

LC-MS:

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

LD50 :

Lethal dose 50%

MIC:

Minimum inhibitory concentration

ORAC:

Oxygen radical absorbance capacity

Rha:

α-L-rhamnopyranose

TAA:

Total antioxidant activity

TEAC:

Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity

Xyl:

β-D-xylopyranose

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt

    John Refaat Fahim, Eman Zekry Attia & Mohamed Salah Kamel

  2. Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia, 61111, Egypt

    Mohamed Salah Kamel

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  1. John Refaat Fahim
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Fahim, J.R., Attia, E.Z. & Kamel, M.S. The phenolic profile of pea (Pisum sativum): a phytochemical and pharmacological overview. Phytochem Rev 18, 173–198 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-018-9586-9

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