Abstract
The casting technique was used to fabricate carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and PVA/CMC blend films. The sensitivity of the prepared films to irradiation was examined by applying gamma radiation with an intensity of 100 kGy. Structural and optical properties of unirradiated and gamma-irradiated films were investigated using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV–Vis spectroscopy, respectively. Photoluminescence spectra were recorded for polymer films before and after exposure to gamma rays. The PVA film has a higher transmittance than the CMC film and PVA/CMC blend films. Moreover, the film’s transmittance decreases when exposed to 100 kGy gamma rays, especially in the UV region. The optical bandgap (Eg) values are 5.75 eV and 5.60 eV for pure PVA and pure CMC, respectively. While for blended films it is lessened to about 5.50 eV for PVA–12%CMC blend film. Moreover, these values are slightly decreased after irradiation with gamma-ray to about 5.70, 5.55, and 5.45 eV for pure PVA, pure CMC, and PVA–12%CMC blend films. While the refractive indices values are 1.965, 2.024, and 2.355 for pure PVA, pure CMC, and PVA–12%CMC blend, respectively. These values decreased after exposure to gamma-ray to about 1.959, 2.016, and 2.256 for pure PVA, pure CMC, and PVA–12%CMC blend, respectively.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability
All the data’s available in the manuscript.
References
Abdel-Ghaffar, A.M., Ali, H.E.: Effect of gamma radiation on the properties of novel polyvinyl alcohol /carboxymethyl cellulose/citric acid/glycerol bioblend film. Polym. Bull. 79, 5105–5119 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/S00289-021-03762-2/TABLES/3
Abutalib, M.M., Rajeh, A.: Boosting optical and electrical characteristics of polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose nanocomposites by GNPs/MWCNTs fillers as an application in energy storage devices. Int. J. Energy Res. 46, 6216–6224 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/ER.7559
Al-Attiyah, K.H.H., Hashim, A., Obaid, S.F.: Fabrication of novel (carboxy methyl cellulose–polyvinylpyrrolidone–polyvinyl alcohol)/lead oxide nanoparticles: structural and optical properties for gamma rays shielding applications. Int. J. Plast. Technol. 23, 39–45 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/S12588-019-09228-5/FIGURES/13
Alghamdi, H.M., Rajeh, A.: Synthesis of CoFe2O4/MWCNTs nanohybrid and its effect on the optical, thermal, and conductivity of PVA/CMC composite as an application in electrochemical devices. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. Mater. 32, 1935–1949 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/S10904-022-02322-Z/FIGURES/13
Ali, H.E., Abdel-Aziz, M.M., Khairy, Y., Zahran, H.Y., Algarni, H., Yahia, I.S., El-Shamy, E.F., Sayed, M.A., Maged, F.A., Sanaa, M.F.: Microstructure analysis and nonlinear/linear optical parameters of polymeric composite films based PVAL for wide optical applications. Phys. Scr. 96, 115804 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/AC13E3
Al-Kadhemy, M.F.H., Saeed, A.A., Khaleel, R.I., Jawad, F., Al-Nuaimi, K.: Effect of gamma ray on optical characteristics of (PMMA/PS) polymer blends. J. Theor. Appl. Phys. 11, 201–207 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40094-017-0259-7
Al-Muntaser, A.A., Pashameah, R.A., Sharma, K., Alzahrani, E., Farea, M.O., Morsi, M.A.: α-MoO3 nanobelts/CMC-PVA nanocomposites: hybrid materials for optoelectronic and dielectric applications. J. Polym. Res. 29, 1–11 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/S10965-022-03134-Y/FIGURES/8
Atta, M.R., Alsulami, Q.A., Asnag, G.M., Rajeh, A.: Enhanced optical, morphological, dielectric, and conductivity properties of gold nanoparticles doped with PVA/CMC blend as an application in organoelectronic devices. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 32, 10443–10457 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/S10854-021-05701-3/FIGURES/12
Choudhary, S.: Structural, optical, dielectric and electrical properties of (PEO–PVP)–ZnO nanocomposites. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 121, 196–209 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2018.05.017
Cleland, M.R., Parks, L.A., Cheng, S.: Applications for radiation processing of materials. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms. 208, 66–73 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-583X(03)00655-4
Coleman, M.M., Skrovanek, D.J., Hu, J., Painter, P.C.: Hydrogen bonding in polymer blends. 1. FTIR studies of urethane-ether blends. Macromolecules 21, 59–65 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00179a014
Dhineshbabu, N.R., Vettumperumal, R., Kokila, R.: A study of linear optical properties of ternary blends PVA/CMC/aloe vera biofilm for UV shielding. Appl. Nanosci. 11, 669–678 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/S13204-020-01629-Y/FIGURES/5
El Askary, A., El-Sharnouby, M., Awwad, N.S., Ibrahium, H.A., El-Morsy, M.A., Farea, M.O., Menazea, A.A.: Optical, thermal, and electrical conductivity strength of ternary CMC/PVA/Er2O3 NPs nanocomposite fabricated via pulsed laser ablation. Phys. B Condens. Matter 637, 413910 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYSB.2022.413910
El Sayed, A.M.: Synthesis and controlling the optical and dielectric properties of CMC/PVA blend via γ-rays irradiation. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys Res. Sect. B Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms 321, 41–48 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.NIMB.2013.12.020
El-Gamal, S., El Sayed, A.M., Abdel-Hady, E.E.: Effect of cobalt oxide nanoparticles on the nano-scale free volume and optical properties of biodegradable CMC/PVA films. J. Polym. Environ. 26, 2536–2545 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/S10924-017-1151-X/FIGURES/11
Elkalashy, S.I., Imam, N.G., Zaki, M.F.: Tailoring the physical properties by gamma-irradiation of cellulose nitrate films: insights in different applications. Polym. Sci. Ser. b. 64, 142–154 (2022)
El-naggar, A.M., Heiba, Z.K., Mohamed, M.B., Kamal, A.M., Lakshminarayana, G., Abd-Elkader, O.H.: Effect of MnS/ZnS nanocomposite on the structural, linear and nonlinear optical properties of PVA/CMC blended polymer. Opt. Mater. (Amst). 128, 112379 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.OPTMAT.2022.112379
Goswami, A., Bajpai, A.K., Bajpai, J., Sinha, B.K.: Designing vanadium pentoxide-carboxymethyl cellulose/polyvinyl alcohol-based bionanocomposite films and study of their structure, topography, mechanical, electrical and optical behavior. Polym. Bull. 75, 781–807 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/S00289-017-2067-2/FIGURES/13
Hassanien, A.S., Akl, A.A.: Influence of composition on optical and dispersion parameters of thermally evaporated non-crystalline Cd50S50-xSex thin films. J. Alloys Compd. 648, 280–290 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.06.231
Heiba, Z.K., Mohamed, M.B., Badawi, A., Alhazime, A.A.: The role of Cd0.9Mg0.1S nanofillers on the structural, optical, and dielectric properties of PVA/CMC polymeric blend. Chem. Phys. Lett. 770, 138460 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CPLETT.2021.138460
Hemalatha, K., ThejasUrs, G., Mahadevaiah, D., Somashekarappa, H., Byrappa, K., Somashekar, R.: Effect of NiCuZnFe2O4 on the microcrystalline properties of PVA/CMC polymer blends. Mater. Res. Innov. 21, 122–128 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1080/14328917.2016.1196854
Khairy, Y., Yahia, I.S., Elhosiny Ali, H.: Facile synthesis, structure analysis and optical performance of manganese oxide-doped PVA nanocomposite for optoelectronic and optical cut-off laser devices. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 31, 8072–8085 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-03348-0
Mohammed, G., El Sayed, A.M., Morsi, W.M.: Spectroscopic, thermal, and electrical properties of MgO/ polyvinyl pyrrolidone/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 115, 238–247 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JPCS.2017.12.050
Morsi, M.A., Oraby, A.H., Elshahawy, A.G., Abd El-Hady, R.M.: Preparation, structural analysis, morphological investigation and electrical properties of gold nanoparticles filled polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose blend. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 8, 5996–6010 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JMRT.2019.09.074
Morsi, M.A., Asnag, G.M., Rajeh, A., Awwad, N.S.: Nd:YAG nanosecond laser induced growth of Au nanoparticles within CMC/PVA matrix: multifunctional nanocomposites with tunable optical and electrical properties. Compos. Commun. 24, 100662 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.COCO.2021.100662
Nasrallah, D.A., Ibrahim, M.A.: Enhancement of physico-chemical, optical, dielectric and antimicrobial properties of polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose blend films by addition of silver doped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. J. Polym. Res. (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-022-02943-5
Pashameah, R.A., El-Sharnouby, M., El-Askary, A., El-Morsy, M.A., Ahmed, H.A., Menazea, A.A.: Optical, structural, electrical characterization of (polyvinyl alcohol-carboxymethyl cellulose-manganese dioxide) nanocomposite fabricated via laser ablation. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. Mater. (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-022-02311-2
Radoor, S., Karayil, J., Parameswaranpillai, J., Siengchin, S.: Adsorption of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution by a novel PVA/CMC/halloysite nanoclay bio composite: characterization, kinetics, isotherm and antibacterial properties. J. Environ. Health Sci. Eng. 18, 1311–1327 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/S40201-020-00549-X/TABLES/5
Radoor, S., Karayil, J., Jayakumar, A., Parameswaranpillai, J., Siengchin, S.: An efficient removal of malachite green dye from aqueous environment using ZSM-5 zeolite/polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose/sodium alginate bio composite. J. Polym. Environ. 29, 2126–2139 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/S10924-020-02024-Y/FIGURES/12
Ram Kripal, S.G.P., Gupta, A.K., Mishra, S.K., Srivastava, R.K., Pandey, A.C.: Photoluminescence and photoconductivity of ZnS:Mn2+ nanoparticles synthesized via co-precipitation method. Spectrochim. Acta Part A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 76, 523–530 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2010.04.018
Saadiah, M.A., Zhang, D., Nagao, Y., Muzakir, S.K., Samsudin, A.S.: Reducing crystallinity on thin film based CMC/PVA hybrid polymer for application as a host in polymer electrolytes. J. Non. Cryst. Solids. 511, 201–211 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JNONCRYSOL.2018.11.032
Siddhartha, Aarya, S., Dev, K., Raghuvanshi, S.K., Krishna, J.B.M., Wahab, M.A.: Effect of gamma radiation on the structural and optical properties of polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) polymer. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 81, 458–462 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2011.12.023
Sim, L.N., Majid, S.R., Arof, A.K.: FTIR studies of PEMA/PVdF-HFP blend polymer electrolyte system incorporated with LiCF3SO3 salt. Vib. Spectrosc. 58, 57–66 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vibspec.2011.11.005
Soliman, T.S., Hessien, M.M., Elkalashy, S.I.: Structural, thermal, and optical properties of polyvinyl alcohol films doped with La2ZnOx nanoparticles. J. Non Cryst. Solids. 580, 121405 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2022.121405
Sunaryono, Kholifah, M.N., Mufti, N., Taufiq, A., Diantoro, M.: Optical properties of Fe2.15Zn0.85O4-PEG/CMC/PVA ferrogel. In: AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 2231, p. 040006 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0002444
Toman, M.S., Al-Nesrawy, S.H.: New fabrication (PVA-CMC-PbO) nanocomposites structural and electrical properties. J. Neurosci. Quantum Phys. 19, 38–46 (2021). https://doi.org/10.14704/NQ.2021.19.4.NQ21035
Xing, P., Dong, L., An, Y., Feng, Z., Avella, M., Martuscelli, E.: Miscibility and crystallization of poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) and poly(p-vinylphenol) blends. Macromolecules 30, 2726–2733 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1021/ma960615+
Yang, Z., Peng, H., Wang, W., Liu, T.: Crystallization behavior of poly(ε-caprolactone)/layered double hydroxide nanocomposites. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 116, 2658–2667 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1002/app
Yasmeen, S., Iqbal, F., Munawar, T., Nawaz, M.A., Asghar, M., Hussain, A.: Synthesis, structural and optical analysis of surfactant assisted ZnO–NiO nanocomposites prepared by homogeneous precipitation method. Ceram. Int. 45, 17859–17873 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.06.001
Zaki, M.F., Elkalashy, S.I., Soliman, T.S.: A comparative study of the structural, optical and morphological properties of different types of Makrofol polycarbonate. Polym. Bull. 79, 10841–10863 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-021-04011-2
Funding
Not applicable.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
MFZ: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, data curation, writing—review and editing; ShIE: conceptualization, formal analysis, investigation, writing—review and editing; SAV: conceptualization, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, data curation, writing—review and editing; TSS: conceptualization, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, data curation, writing—review and editing.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Ethical approval
This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Zaki, M.F., Elkalashy, S.I., Vshivkov, S.A. et al. Synthesis, structural, and physical properties of polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose blend films induced by gamma-irradiation. Opt Quant Electron 55, 1000 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05284-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05284-9