Abstract
In this paper, we present a proposal for compact photonic wavelength filtering and 3-dB wavelength splitting device based on a nanoplasmonic metal-insulator-metal structure. The operating performance of the device has been accurately simulated using the temporal coupled-mode theory. We use a numerical simulation method of eigenmode expansion propagation in the overall design process. We show that the transmission efficiency of the drop filter can be significantly enhanced by applying specific optimization of nanotube waveguide. The proposed structure has potential applications in highly efficient, ultra-compact integrated circuits as well as in optical communication systems at the nanoscale size.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barnes, W.L., Dereux, A., Ebbesen, T.W.: Surface plasmon subwavelength optics. Nature 424, 824–830 (2003)
Bozhevolnyi, S.I., Volkov, V.S., Devaux, E., Laluet, J., Ebbesen, T.W.: Channel plasmon subwavelength waveguide components including interferometers and ring resonators. Nature 440, 508–511 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04594
Chang, Y.-C., Wang, C.-M., Abbas, M.N., Shih, M.-H., Tsai, D.P.: T-shaped plasmonic array as a narrow-band thermal emitter or biosensor. Opt. Express 17(16), 13526 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.17.013526
Chen, J., Li, Z., Li, J., Gong, Q.: Compact and high-resolution plasmonic wavelength demultiplexers based on Fano interference. Opt. Express 19(10), 9976 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.19.009976
Chen, Z., Hu, R., Cui, L., Yu, L., Wang, L., Xiao, J.: Plasmonic wavelength demultiplexers based on tunable Fano resonance in coupled-resonator systems. Opt. Commun. 320, 6–11 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2013.12.079
Dai, D., He, S.: A silicon-based hybrid plasmonic waveguide with a metal cap for a nano-scale light confinement. Opt. Express 17(19), 16646–16653 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.17.016646
Dolatabady, A., Granpayeh, N.: All-optical logic gates in plasmonic metal–insulator–metal nanowaveguide with slot cavity resonator. J. Nanophoton. 11(2), 026001 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jnp.11.026001
Dong, L., Liu, H., Wang, S., Qu, S., Wu, L.: Hybrid tube-triangle plasmonic waveguide for ultradeep subwavelength confinement. J. Light. Technol. 35(11), 2259–2265 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2017.2677947
Geng, X.M., Wang, T.J., Yang, D.Q., He, L.Y., Wang, C.: Tunable plasmonic wavelength demultiplexing device using coupled resonator system. IEEE Photon. J. (2016a). https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2016.2573041
Geng, X.M., Wang, T.J., Yang, D.Q., He, L.Y., Wang, C.: Tunable plasmonic wavelength demultiplexing device using coupled resonator system. IEEE Photon. J. 8(3), 1–8 (2016b). https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2016.2573041
Ghosh, G., Endo, M., Iwasaki, T.: Temperature-dependent sellmeier coefficients and chromatic dispersions for some optical fiber glasses. J. Light. Technol. 12(8), 1338–1342 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1109/50.317500
Gramotnev, D.K., Bozhevolnyi, S.I.: Plasmonics beyond the diffraction limit. Nat. Photon. 4(2), 83–91 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2009.282
Guo, J.: Plasmon-induced transparency in metal–insulator–metal waveguide side-coupled with multiple cavities. Appl. Opt. 53(8), 1604 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.53.001604
Haffner, C., et al.: All-plasmonic Mach–Zehnder modulator enabling optical high-speed communication at the microscale. Nat. Photon. 9(8), 525–528 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2015.127
Hajshahvaladi, L., Kaatuzian, H., Danaie, M.: Design and analysis of a plasmonic demultiplexer based on band-stop filters using double-nanodisk-shaped resonators. Opt. Quantum Electron. 51(12), 1–16 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-019-2108-1
He, Y.J.: Investigation of LPG-SPR sensors using the finite element method and eigenmode expansion method. Opt. Express 21(12), 13875 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.21.013875
Hocini, A., Ben salah, H., Khedrouche, D., Melouki, N.: A high-sensitive sensor and band-stop filter based on intersected double ring resonators in metal–insulator–metal structure. Opt. Quantum Electron. 52(7), 1–10 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-020-02446-x
Hsieh, C.H., Lin, K.P., Leou, K.C.: Design of a compact high-performance electro-optic plasmonic switch. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 27(23), 2473–2476 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2015.2470541
Islam, M., Chowdhury, D.R., Ahmad, A., Kumar, G.: Terahertz plasmonic waveguide based thin film sensor. J. Light. Technol. 35(23), 5215–5221 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2017.2763326
Johnson, P.B., Christy, R.W.: Optical constants of the noble metals. Phys. Rev. B 6(12), 4370–4379 (1972)
Kocabas, S.E., Veronis, G., Miller, D., Fan, S.: Transmission line and equivalent circuit models for plasmonic waveguide components. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 14(6), 1462–1472 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2008.924431
Kristensen, P.T., De Lasson, J.R., Heuck, M., Gregersen, N., Mork, J.: On the theory of coupled modes in optical cavity-waveguide structures. J. Light. Technol. 35(19), 4247–4259 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2017.2714263
Kulchin, Y.N., Vitrik, O.B., Dyshlyuk, A.V.: Analysis of surface plasmon resonance in bent single-mode waveguides with metal-coated cladding by eigenmode expansion method. Opt. Express 22(18), 22196 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.22.022196
Kumar, M.S., Piao, X., Koo, S., Yu, S., Park, N.: Out of plane mode conversion and manipulation of surface plasmon polariton waves. Opt. Express 18(9), 8800–8805 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1109/COIN.2010.5546551
Kwon, S.H.: Deep subwavelength-scale metal-insulator-metal plasmonic disk cavities for refractive index sensors. IEEE Photon. J. (2013). https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2013.2244206
Lin, X.-S., Huang, X.G.: Tooth-shaped plasmonic waveguide filters with nanometric sizes. Opt. Lett. 33(23), 2874–2876 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.33.002874
Liu, Y., Yan, J., Han, G.: The transmission characteristic of metal-dielectric-metal slot waveguide-based nanodisk cavity with gain medium. IEEE Photon. J. (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2015.2406766
Lu, H., Liu, X., Mao, D., Wang, L., Gong, Y.: Tunable band-pass plasmonic waveguide filters with nanodisk resonators. Opt. Express 18(17), 17922 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.18.017922
Lu, H., Liu, X., Wang, L., Gong, Y., Mao, D.: Ultrafast all-optical switching in nanoplasmonic waveguide with Kerr nonlinear resonator. Opt. Express 19(4), 2910 (2011a). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.002910
Lu, H., Liu, X., Gong, Y., Mao, D., Wang, L.: Enhancement of transmission efficiency of nanoplasmonic wavelength demultiplexer based on channel drop filters and reflection nanocavities. Opt. Express 19(14), 12885–12890 (2011b)
Maier, S.A.: Plasmonics: the promise of highly integrated optical devices. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 12(6), 1671–1677 (2006)
Matsuzaki, Y., Okamoto, T., Haraguchi, M., Fukui, M., Nakagaki, M.: Characteristics of gap plasmon waveguide with stub structures. Opt. Express 16(21), 16314 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.16.016314
Melikyan, A., et al.: High-speed plasmonic phase modulators. Nat. Photon. 8(3), 229–233 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2014.9
Min, C., Veronis, G.: Absorption switches in metal-dielectric-metal plasmonic waveguides. Opt. Express 17(13), 10757 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.17.010757
Noual, A., Akjouj, A., Pennec, Y., Gillet, J.-N., Djafari-Rouhani, B.: Modeling of two-dimensional nanoscale Y-bent plasmonic waveguides with cavities for demultiplexing of the telecommunication wavelengths. New J. Phys. 11(103020), 1–19 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/11/10/103020
Ozbay, E.: Plasmonics: merging photonics and electronics at nanoscale dimensions. Science 311, 189–193 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1114849
Pannipitiya, A., Rukhlenko, I.D., Premaratne, M., Hattori, H.T., Agrawal, G.P.: Improved transmission model for metal-dielectric-metal plasmonic waveguides with stub structure. Opt. Express 18(6), 6191 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.006191
Park, J., Kim, H., Lee, B.: High order plasmonic Bragg reflection in the metal-insulator-metal waveguide Bragg grating. Opt. Express 16(1), 413–425 (2008)
Søndergaard, T., Jung, J., Bozhevolnyi, S.I., Della Valle, G.: Theoretical analysis of gold nano-strip gap plasmon resonators. New J. Phys. (2008). https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/10/105008
Tan, C.Z., Arndt, J.: Temperature dependence of refractive index of glassy SiO2 in the infrared wavelength range. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 61(8), 1315–1320 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3697(99)00411-4
Wei, Z., et al.: Optical band-stop filter and multi-wavelength channel selector with plasmonic complementary aperture embedded in double-ring resonator. Photon. Nanostruct. Fundam. Appl. 23, 45–49 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.photonics.2016.11.002
Wen, K., et al.: Electromagnetically induced transparency-like transmission in a compact side-coupled t-shaped resonator. J. Light. Technol. 32(9), 1701–1707 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2014.2310236
Wu, X., Zhang, J., Gong, Q.: Metal-insulator-metal nanorod arrays for subwavelength imaging. Opt. Express 17(4), 2818–2825 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.17.002818
Xiao, J., et al.: A CMOS-compatible hybrid plasmonic slot waveguide with enhanced field confinement. IEEE Electron. Device Lett. 37(4), 456–458 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2016.2531990
Yu, Y., Si, J., Ning, Y., Sun, M., Deng, X.: Plasmonic wavelength splitter based on a metal–insulator–metal waveguide with a graded grating coupler. Opt. Lett. 42(2), 187 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.42.000187
Zand, I., Mahigir, A., Pakizeh, T., Abrishamian, M.S.: Selective-mode optical nanofilters based on plasmonic complementary split-ring resonators. Opt. Express 20(7), 7516 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.20.007516
Zand, I., Abrishamian, M.S., Pakizeh, T.: Nanoplasmonic loaded slot cavities for wavelength filtering and demultiplexing. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 19(3), 1–5 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2012.2224645
Zhang, Z., et al.: Plasmonic filter and demultiplexer based on square ring resonator. Appl. Sci. (2018). https://doi.org/10.3390/app8030462
Zhu, J.H., Wang, Q.J., Shum, P., Huang, X.G.: A nanoplasmonic high-pass wavelength filter based on a metal-insulator-metal circuitous waveguide. IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol. 10(6), 1357–1361 (2011)
Acknowledgements
This research is funded by Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) under grant number 103.03-2017.61. The authors would like to thank Dr. Dao Duy Thang of Silicon Austria Labs for his advise and support on various technical contents of this research.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Truong, C.D., Van, T.N., Trinh, M.T. et al. Triple-wavelength filter based on the nanoplasmonic metal-insulator-metal waveguides. Opt Quant Electron 53, 223 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-021-02902-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-021-02902-2