Abstract
In this article, we study the continuous and discontinuous planar piecewise differential systems formed only by linear centers separated by one or two parallel straight lines. When these piecewise differential systems are continuous, they have no limit cycles. Also if they are discontinuous separated by a unique straight line, they do not have limit cycles. But when the piecewise differential systems are discontinuous separated two parallel straight lines, we show that they can have at most one limit cycle, and that there exist such systems with one limit cycle.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Andronov, A., Vitt, A., Khaikin, S.: Theory of oscillations. Pergamon Press, Oxford (1966)
Atherton, D.P.: Nonlinear Control Engineering. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., Ltd., New York (1982)
Belousov, B.P.: Periodically acting reaction and its mechanism. In: Collection of Abstracts on Radiation Medicine, pp. 145–147. Moscow (1958)
Braga, D.C., Mello, L.F.: Limit cycles in a family of discontinuous piecewise linear differential systems with two zones in the plane. Nonlinear Dyn. 73, 1283–1288 (2013)
Buzzi, C., Pessoa, C., Torregrosa, J.: Piecewise linear perturbations of a linear center. Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. 9, 3915–3936 (2013)
di Bernardo, M., Budd, C. J., Champneys, A. R., Kowalczyk, P.: Piecewise-Smooth Dynamical Systems: Theory and Applications. Applied mathematical sciences series 163. Springer, London (2008)
Freire, E., Ponce, E., Rodrigo, F., Torres, F.: Bifurcation sets of continuous piecewise linear systems with two zones. Int. J. Bifurcat. Chaos 8, 2073–2097 (1998)
Freire, E., Ponce, E., Torres, F.: Canonical discontinuous planar piecewise linear systems. SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Syst. 11, 181–211 (2012)
Freire, E., Ponce, E., Torres, F.: A general mechanism to generate three limit cycles in planar Filippov systems with two zones. Nonlinear Dyn. 78, 251–263 (2014)
Henson, M.A., Seborg, D.E.: Nonlinear Process Control. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey (1997)
Huan, S.M., Yang, X.S.: On the number of limit cycles in general planar piecewise linear systems. Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. Ser. A 32, 2147–2164 (2012)
Isidori, A.: Nonlinear Control Systems. Springer, London (1996)
Katsuhiko, O.: Modern Control Engineering, 2nd edn. Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River (1990)
Li, L.: Three crossing limit cycles in planar piecewise linear systems with saddle-focus type. Electron. J. Qual. Theory Differ. Equ. 70, 1–14 (2014)
Llibre, J., Ordóñez, M., Ponce, E.: On the existence and uniqueness of limit cycles in a planar piecewise linear systems without symmetry. Nonlinear Anal. Ser. B Real World Appl. 14, 2002–2012 (2013)
Llibre, J., Ponce, E.: Three nested limit cycles in discontinuous piecewise linear differential systems with two zones. Dyn. Contin. Discrete Impul. Syst. Ser. B 19, 325–335 (2012)
Llibre, J., Sotomayor, J.: Phase portraits of planar control systems. Nonlinear Anal. Theory Methods Appl. 27, 1177–1197 (1996)
Llibre, J., Teixeira, M.A.: Piecewise linear differential systems without equilibria produce limit cycles? Nonlinear Dyn. 88, 157–167 (2017). doi:10.1007/s11071-016-3236-9
Llibre, J., Teruel, A.: Introduction to the Qualitative Theory of Differential Systems. Planar, Symmetric and Continuous Piecewise Linear Differential Systems. Birkhauser Advanced Texts (2014)
Llibre, J., Zhang, X.: Limit cycles for discontinuous planar piecewise linear differential systems (2016) (preprint)
Lum, R., Chua, L.O.: Global properties of continuous piecewise-linear vector fields. Part I: simplest case in \(\mathbb{R}^2\). Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl. 19, 251–307 (1991)
Lum, R., Chua, L.O.: Global properties of continuous piecewise-linear vector fields. Part II: simplest symmetric in \(\mathbb{R}^2\). Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl. 20, 9–46 (1992)
Makarenkov, O., Lamb, J.S.W.: Dynamics and bifurcations of nonsmooth systems: a survey. Phys. D 241, 1826–1844 (2012)
Narendra, S., Taylor, J.M.: Frequency Domain Criteria for Absolute Stability. Academic Press, New York (1973)
Poincaré, H.: Sur l’intégration des équations différentielles du premier ordre et du premier degré I and II. Rend. Circ. Mat. Palermo 5, 161–191 (1891) 11, 193–239 (1897)
Shafarevich, I.R.: Basic Algebraic Geometry. Springer, Berlin (1974)
Simpson, D.J.W.: Bifurcations in Piecewise-Smooth Continuous Systems, World Scientific Series on Nonlinear Science A, vol. 69. World Scientific, Singapore (2010)
Teixeira, M.A.: Perturbation theory for non-smooth systems. In: Robert, A. M., (ed.) Mathematics of Complexity and Dynamical Systems, vol. 1–3, pp. 1325–1336. Springer, New York (2012)
van der Pol, B.: A theory of the amplitude of free and forced triode vibrations. Radio Rev. 1, 701–710 (1920)
van der Pol, B.: On relaxation-oscillations. Lond. Edinb. Dublin Philos. Mag. J. Sci. 2(7), 978–992 (1926)
Zhabotinsky, A.M.: Periodical oxidation of malonic acid in solution (a study of the Belousov reaction kinetics). Biofizika 9, 306–311 (1964)
Acknowledgements
We thank the reviewers for their comments which help us to improve this paper. The first author is partially supported by a FEDER-MINECO Grant MTM2016-77278-P, a MINECO Grant MTM2013-40998-P, an AGAUR Grant Number 2014SGR-568, and a CAPES Grant 88881.030454/ 2013-01 do Programa CSF-PVE. The second author is partially supported by FAPESP under Grant Number 2012/18780-0.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Llibre, J., Teixeira, M.A. Piecewise linear differential systems with only centers can create limit cycles?. Nonlinear Dyn 91, 249–255 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-017-3866-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-017-3866-6
Keywords
- Limit cycles
- Linear centers
- Continuous piecewise linear differential systems
- Discontinuous piecewise differential systems
- First integrals