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Synthesis of 1D WO3 nanostructures using different capping agents for pseudocapacitor applications

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Abstract

To investigate the correlation between electrochemical performance and physicochemical properties, three types of 1D WO3 nanostructures were fabricated by hydrothermal method using K2SO4, Na2SO4, and (NH4)2SO4 as capping agents. Hexagonal phase was obtained with the assistant of Na2SO4 and (NH4)2SO4, while monoclinic phase was developed using K2SO4 as agent. WO3 nanostructures prepared by (NH4)2SO4 and Na2SO4 exhibited superior specific capacitance (400 F/g and 388 F/g) relative to WO3 prepared by K2SO4 (259 F/g), suggesting hexagonal phase is more suitable for energy storage. The nanostructures prepared using Na2SO4 exhibited inferior rate performance compared with those obtained by (NH4)2SO4 due to low specific surface area and high crystallinity. The electrochemical performance demonstrated nanostructures prepared by (NH4)2SO4 was surface-controlled whereas those using Na2SO4 and K2SO4 were battery-type material. These findings raise the prospects of developing tungsten oxide for energy storage.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Yunfei Yang from Shiyanjia Lab (www.shiyanjia.com) for the XPS analysis.

Funding

This study was funded by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number LQ18B030002) and Cultivation Project of Scientific Research Achievement Award of Zhejiang University of Science and Technology (grant number 2021JLYB006).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Chemical and Biological Processing Technology of Farm Product, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, People’s Republic of China

    Jing Di, Xikun Gai, Ropafadzo Jamakanga, Jie Lou, Minzhi Zhu, Yin Li & Ruiqin Yang

  2. State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, People’s Republic of China

    Qingxiang Ma

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  1. Jing Di
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Di, J., Gai, X., Jamakanga, R. et al. Synthesis of 1D WO3 nanostructures using different capping agents for pseudocapacitor applications. J Nanopart Res 24, 218 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-022-05604-2

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