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Investigating the influence of varying cobalt doping on the cross-sectional widths and surface composition of MnOx nanowires in the context of battery–supercapacitor systems

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Abstract

Nanomaterials based on manganese oxides (MnOx) show considerable potential for large-scale electrochemical energy storage devices, driving significant research to explore their capabilities. One intriguing approach to enhance their performance involves the incorporation of other metals within their structure. Thus, we analyzed hierarchically obtained Cobalt (Co)-doped MnOx nanowires with different Co content, examining their storage properties. Notably, the initial impact of Co was observed in the structural characteristics of MnOx-based nanowires. As the Co content increased, there was a noticeable decrease in the cross-sectional widths of these nanowires. Also, we observed by XRD analysis that Co could effectively substitute manganese (Mn) within the crystal lattice. By XPS, the impact of Co doping on the Mn(IV)/Mn(III) ratio was of particular significance, as this ratio exhibited a direct correlation with the Co content (more Co, higher Mn(IV)/Mn(III) ratio), emphasizing the pivotal role of Co in modulating the oxidation states within these materials. Electrochemical studies revealed a remarkable dual behavior in the nanowires, combining pseudocapacitance and battery-like energy storage characteristics. Notably, our investigation uncovered a distinctive storage performance trend resembling a volcano, with the optimal energy storage material achieved using 1.4 wt.% Co-doped MnOx–Co nanowires. Applying the optimum material for a hybrid supercapacitor application, the energy and power density values were calculated as 48.08 Wh kg−1 and 2339.02 W kg−1, respectively. Thus, we believe that our comprehensive exploration of Co-doped MnOx nanowires provides valuable insights into understanding these materials’ optimization for energy storage applications.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for the financial support of Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-Brazil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001—and Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Maranhão (FAPEMA). We also thank Sandra Maria Adelia Belem (Cenobio) for her technical contributions. Samuel da Silva Eduardo thanks EMAP/Porto do Itaqui for his scholarship (BM-08083/22).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Maranhao (UFMA), Avenida dos Portugueses 1966, Sao Luís, MA, 65080-805, Brazil

    Samuel da Silva Eduardo, Patrick Benedito Silva de Figueiredo, Karolinne Evelin Rodrigues Santos, Geyse Adriana Correa Ribeiro, Weliton Silva Fonseca, Roberto Batista de Lima & Marco Aurélio Suller Garcia

  2. Departamento de Engenharia Química e de Materiais-DEQM, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225 Gávea, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22453-900, Brazil

    Scarllett Lalesca Santos de Lima, Sonia Letichevsky & Anderson Gabriel Marques da Silva

  3. Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, São Paulo, SP, 74805508-900, Brazil

    Maitê Lippel Gothe & Pedro Vidinha

  4. Department of Materials, Henry Royce Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK

    Julio Spadotto & Brian Connolly

  5. Instituto de Química de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Rua Professor Francisco Degni, 55, Araraquara, SP, 14800-060, Brazil

    André Henrique Baraldi Dourado

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Contributions

SSE, PBSF, SLSL, KERS, GACR and WSF: Methodology, Investigation, Data Curation. RBL and BC: Funding, Data Curation. SL, MLG, PV, JS, AHBD: Data Curation, Validation, Writing—review & editing. AGMS and MASG: Conceptualization, Data Curation, Visualization, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Supervision. All authors reviewed the manuscript

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Correspondence to Roberto Batista de Lima, Anderson Gabriel Marques da Silva or Marco Aurélio Suller Garcia.

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da Silva Eduardo, S., de Figueiredo, P.B.S., de Lima, S.L.S. et al. Investigating the influence of varying cobalt doping on the cross-sectional widths and surface composition of MnOx nanowires in the context of battery–supercapacitor systems. J Appl Electrochem (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-024-02090-3

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