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4D chaotic system as random Substitution-Box

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Abstract

Substitution -boxes have a significant role in cryptographic algorithms and they are remarkably non-linear parts of block cryptography. There are large numbers of S-Boxes algorithm designs had been proposed based on chaotic theory. Due to the demand of existence of both confusion and diffusion process, which is not available in most S-Boxes algorithms, an effective way to build Substitution–Permutation boxes based on the Qi Hyperchaotic System was included in this study. The object of this proposition is to generate S-Boxes that are more robust and can be provided both diffusion and confusion properties (substitution and permutation). The substitution process in the S-Box is stochastic through changing every byte of the state by different byte from a replacement table. Analyzing and testing were conducted for the new S-Box for the following criteria: avalanche effect, strict avalanche effect (SAC), nonlinearity, key sensitivity, differential and linear cryptanalysis. The whole results proved that the proposed method is an excellent candidate for designing S-Boxes that can be widely used in block cipher. The proposed S-Boxes are applied to a new image encryption algorithm where two S-Box for each color channel are created to perform permutation and substitution operations. Also, performance tests of the encryption algorithm have been presented.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful and appreciative to their institutes, Mustansiriyah University and University of Technology in Baghdad-Iraq, due to institute roles in supporting and providing academic time for performing the research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Banking and Finance Science, Al-Imam Al-A’tham University College, Baghdad, Iraq

    Tayseer Karam Alshekly

  2. Department of Computer Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq

    Ekhlas Abbas Albahrani

  3. Department of Applied Science, University of Technology - Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq

    Sadeq H. Lafta

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  1. Tayseer Karam Alshekly
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  2. Ekhlas Abbas Albahrani
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  3. Sadeq H. Lafta
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Correspondence to Sadeq H. Lafta.

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Alshekly, T.K., Albahrani, E.A. & Lafta, S.H. 4D chaotic system as random Substitution-Box. Multimed Tools Appl 81, 15793–15814 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-11928-x

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