Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

High-capacity index based data hiding method

  • Published:
Multimedia Tools and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, a high-capacity data hiding method based on the index function is presented. The cover image is divided into non-overlapping sub-blocks, and the basis pixel is calculated by the index function. Difference values with other pixel-pairs are referenced to decide the number of embedding secret bits with the range table. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method could embed 2.45 bpp on average without distortion to the human visual system. We showed that the embedding capacity of the proposed method is 214,227 bits, 213,879 bits, 9,445 bits, 12,240 bits, and 109,253 bits larger than previous works on average for 12 test images.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Chan CK, Cheng LM (2004) Hiding data in images by simple LSB substitution. Pattern Recogn 37:469–474

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Chang KC, Huang PS, Tu TM, Chang CP (2007) Adaptive image steganographic scheme based on tri-way pixel-value differencing. Systems, Man and Cybernetics, IEEE, pp 1165–1170

    Google Scholar 

  3. Chang KC, Huang PS, Tu TM, Chang CP (2007) Image steganographic scheme using try-way pixel-value differencing and adaptive rules, Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, 449–452

  4. Chang CC, Lin MH, Hu YC (2002) A fast and secure image hiding scheme based on LSB substitution. Int J Pattern Recogn 16:399–416

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Hsiao JY, Chan KF, Chang JM (2009) Block-based reversible data embedding. Signal Process 89:556–569

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Ker A (2005) Steganalysis of LSB matching in grayscale images. IEEE Sig Process Lett 12:441–444

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Khodaei M, Faez K (2012) New adaptive steganographic method using least-significant-bit substation and pixel-value differencing. IET Image Process 6(5):677–686

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Lee YP, Lee JC, Chen WK, Chang KC, Su IJ, Chang CP (2012) High-payload image hiding with quality recovery using tri-way pixel-value differencing. Inf Sci 191:214–225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Liao X, Wen QY, Zhang J (2011) A steganographic method for digital images with four-pixel differencing and modified LSB substitution. J Vis Commun Image Represent 22(1):1–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Mielikainen J (2006) LSB matching revisited. IEEE Sig Process Lett 13:285–287

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Wang RZ, Lin CF, Lin JC (2001) Image hiding by optimal LSB substitution and genetic algorithm. Pattern Recogn 34:671–683

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Wang CM, Wu NI, Tsai CS, Hwang MS (2008) A high quality steganographic method with pixel-value differencing and modulus function. J Syst Softw 81:150–158

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Wu DC, Tsai WH (2003) A steganographic method for images by pixel-value differencing. Pattern Recogn Lett 24:1613–1626

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Wu HC, Wu NI, Tsai CS, Hwang MS (2005) Image steganographic scheme based on pixel-value differencing and LSB replacement methods. IEE Process Vis Image Sig Process 152:611–615

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Wu NI, Wu KC, Wang CM (2002) Exploring pixel-value differencing and base decomposition for low distortion data embedding. Appl Soft Comput 12:942–960

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Yang CH, Weng CY (2006) A steganographic method for digital images by multi-pixel differencing. International Computer Symposium IEEE, 831–836

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computer Information, Yeungjin College, 35 Bokhyun-Ro, Buk-Gu, Daegu, 702-721, Republic of Korea

    Ki-Hyun Jung

  2. School of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-Ro, Buk-Gu, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea

    Kee-Young Yoo

Authors
  1. Ki-Hyun Jung
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kee-Young Yoo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kee-Young Yoo.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Jung, KH., Yoo, KY. High-capacity index based data hiding method. Multimed Tools Appl 74, 2179–2193 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-014-2081-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-014-2081-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation