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Quantitative aspects of nitric oxide production in the heart

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Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) has essential roles in heart physiology, including the regulation of myocardial contractility and coronary blood flow, and in heart pathophysiology, particularly in the ischemic heart. NO is produced by both NO synthase (NOS)-dependent and NOS-independent pathways in the heart. This review summarizes quantitative aspects of NO production in the heart; the contribution of cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells (ECs), red blood cells (RBCs), and neurons are also discussed. Based on the available data, under normal conditions, the human heart produces about 50–70 µmol NO per day, primarily attributed to eNOS activity; ECs produce the highest amount of NO compared to other cell types in the heart. On the other hand, during ischemic conditions, NOS-independent NO production participates a significant role in the heart NO production that can exceed NOS-dependent NO generation. These data are relevant as most cardiovascular disorders are associated with NO dysfunction, and increasing NO bioavailability and signaling is a potential therapeutic approach for cardiovascular diseases.

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Funding

This study was supported by a grant (Grant No. 43002799-1) from Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Asghar Ghasemi & Sajad Jeddi

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  1. Asghar Ghasemi
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  2. Sajad Jeddi
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All authors contributed to the study conception. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Asghar Ghasemi, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Sajad Jeddi.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Asghar Ghasemi declares that he has no conflict of interest. Sajad Jeddi declares that he has no conflict of interest.

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Ghasemi, A., Jeddi, S. Quantitative aspects of nitric oxide production in the heart. Mol Biol Rep 49, 11113–11122 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-022-07889-x

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